Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness: Difference between revisions

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Line 1: {{Short description\|1961 United Nations multilateral treaty}} {{confuse\|Convention Relating to the Status of Stateless Persons}} {{Use dmy dates\|date=October 2013}} {{More citations needed\|date=February 2007}} Line 31 ⟶ 32: ==Statelessness prior to World War II== ~~While one~~One case of statelessness was identified in the ''Protocol relating to a Certain Case of Statelessness'' at the [[League of Nations Codification Conference, 1930]] in [[The Hague]]: "In a State whose nationality is not conferred by the mere fact of birth in its territory, a person born in its territory of a mother possessing the nationality of that State and of a father without nationality or of unknown nationality shall have the nationality of the said State." Over time, many signatories have adjusted their laws to ensure this rule remains true. (For example, in [[Australian nationality law]], a child born in the country acquires citizenship if any parent is a citizen). However, despite this, many cases remained ambiguous or uncovered primarily due to the fact that a person did not always receive the nationality of its parents, or was born in a certain place and not always provided citizenship of that state.<ref>{{Cite web \|last= \|first= \|year=1930 \|orig-date=12 January 1930 \|title=Protocol Relating to a Certain Case of Statelessness \|url=https://www.refworld.org/docid/3ae6b39520.html \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220119111743/https://www.refworld.org/docid/3ae6b39520.html \|archive-date=19 January ~~2021~~2022 \|access-date=15 April 2022 \|website=Refworld \|publisher=[[League of Nations]] \|language=en}}</ref> The [[Nansen International Office For Refugees]], an organization of the [[League of Nations]], was internationally in charge of refugees from war areas from 1930 to 1939. It received the [[Nobel Peace Prize]] in 1938. Their [[Nansen passports]], designed in 1922 by founder [[Fridtjof Nansen]], were internationally recognized identity cards first issued by the League of Nations to stateless refugees. In 1942 they were honored by governments in 52 countries and were the first [[refugee travel document]]s. Line 38 ⟶ 39: [[Image:UN General Assembly.jpg\|thumb\|right\|The Room of the United Nations General Assembly where Resolution was passed in 1949 which inspired the adoption of the [[Convention Regarding the Status of Stateless Persons]] in 1954 and the completion of the 1961 Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness]] Migrations ~~forced~~due ~~from~~to political instability during [[World War II]] and its immediate aftermath highlighted the international dimensions of problems presented by unprecedented volumes of displaced persons including those rendered effectively stateless. Dating from December 1948, the [[Universal Declaration of Human Rights]] at Article 15 affirms that: Line 115 ⟶ 116: : The Convention is not to be construed to detract from any law or treaty provision otherwise aiding the reduction of statelessness. ; Article 14 : Disputes by ~~Contacting~~Contracting States concerning the Convention are susceptible to final adjudication by the [[International Court of Justice]]. ; Article 15 : The Convention applies to all trust, non-self-governing, colonial, and non-metropolitan territories of Contracting States. Line 122 ⟶ 123: ==Contracting states== As of May 2021, 76 states have [[ratification\|ratified]] or [[Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties\|acceded]] to the convention.<ref>{{Cite news \|url=http://www.unhcr.org/protection/statelessness/3bbb24d54/states-parties-1961-convention-reduction-statelessness.html\|title=States Parties to the 1961 Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness\|last=Refugees\|first=United Nations High Commissioner for\|work=UNHCR\|access-date=2018-01-16\|language=en}}</ref> In comparison, 145 countries have ratified the [[Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees]].<ref>{{Cite ~~web~~news \|last= \|first= \|title=The 1951 Refugee Convention \|url=https://www.unhcr.org/1951-refugee-convention.html \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220411095547/https://www.unhcr.org/1951-refugee-convention.html \|archive-date=2022-0104-11 \|access-date=2022-04-15 \|website=UNHCR \|language=en}}</ref> ==See also== Line 139 ⟶ 140: ==External links== * [http://legal.un.org/ilc/texts/instruments/english/conventions/6_1_1961.pdf Full Convention text] * [http://treaties.un.org/pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=TREATY&mtdsg_no=V-4&chapter=5&lang=en Signatures and ratifications] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101227161917/http://treaties.un.org/Pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=TREATY&mtdsg_no=V-4&chapter=5&lang=en \|date=27 December 2010 }} * [http://www.unhcr.org/protect/PROTECTION/41b4790b4.pdf Map showing State Parties] * [http://www.unhcr.org/cgi-bin/texis/vtx/protect/opendoc.pdf?tbl=PROTECTION&id=416113864 Declarations and Reservations to the Convention as of 20 September 2006] Line 168 ⟶ 169: [[Category:Treaties of Chad]] [[Category:Treaties of Colombia]] [[Category:Treaties of the Republic of the Congo]] [[Category:Treaties of Costa Rica]] [[Category:Treaties of Croatia]] Line 209 ⟶ 211: [[Category:Treaties of Rwanda]] [[Category:Treaties of Moldova]] [[Category:Treaties of São Tomé and Príncipe]] [[Category:Treaties of Senegal]] [[Category:Treaties of Serbia]]