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{{Short description|American biologist}}
[[File:TN Gill.jpg|thumb|Theodore Nicholas Gill]]
[[File:Theodore Nicholas Gill.jpg|thumb|Theodore Nicholas Gill]]
 
'''Theodore Nicholas Gill''' (March 21, 1837 – September 25, 1914) was an [[United States|American]] [[ichthyologist]], [[mammalogist]], [[malacologist]], and [[librarian]].
 
==Career==
Born and educated in [[New York City]] under private tutors, Gill early showed interest in natural history. He was associated with [[J. Carson Brevoort]] in the arrangement of the latter's [[entomological]] and ichthyological collections before going to [[Washington, D.C.DC]], in 1863 to work at the [[Smithsonian Institution]]. He catalogued [[mammalsmammal]]s, [[fishesfish]]es, and [[mollusksmollusk]]s most particularly, although maintaininghe maintained proficiency in other orders of animals. He was librarian at the Smithsonian and also senior assistant to the [[Library of Congress]]. He was elected as a member of the [[American Philosophical Society]] in 1867.<ref>{{Cite web|title=APS Member History|url=https://search.amphilsoc.org/memhist/search?creator=&title=&subject=&subdiv=&mem=&year=1867&year-max=1867&dead=&keyword=&smode=advanced|access-date=2021-04-21|website=search.amphilsoc.org}}</ref>
 
Gill was professor of [[zoology]] at [[George Washington University]]. He was also a member of the [[Megatherium Club]] at the [[Smithsonian Institution]] in [[Washington, DDC.C.]] Fellow members frequently mocked him for his vanity. He was president of the [[American Association for the Advancement of Science]] in 1897.
 
He was a founding member of the [[Cosmos Club]].<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Oehser |first1=Paul H. |title=The Cosmos Club of Washington: A Brief History |journal=Records of the Columbia Historical Society, Washington, DC |date=1960 |volume=60/62 |pages=250–265 |jstor=40067229 }}</ref>
 
==Publications==
Besides 400 separate papers on scientific subjects, his major publications include:
 
* 1871. [https://archive.org/details/arrangementoffam1871gill ''Arrangements of the Families of Mollusks'']. 49 pp.
* 1872. [https://archive.org/details/arrangementoffam1872gill ''Arrangement of the Families of Mammals'']. 98 pp.
* 1872. ''Arrangement of the Families of [[Fishes]]''.
* 1875. ''Catalogue of the [[Fishes]] of the East Coast of North America''.
* 1882. ''Bibliography of the [[Fishes]] of the [[Pacific]] of the [[United States]] to the End of 1879''.
* ''Reports on Zoology'' for the annual volumes of the [[Smithsonian Institution]] from 1879 to ?.
 
==See also==
*[[:Category:Taxa named by Theodore Gill]]
 
==References==
{{reflist}}
 
==Further reading==
*Abbott, R.T., and M.E. Young (eds.). 1973. American Malacologists: A national register of professional and amateur malacologists and private shell collectors and biographies of early American mollusk workers born between 1618 and 1900. American Malacologists, Falls Church, Virginia. Consolidated/Drake Press, Philadelphia. 494 pp.
*Obituary in ''The Auk,'' October 1914, Number 4.
*Appleton's Cyclopedia of American Biography, edited by James Grant Wilson, John Fiske and Stanley L. Klos. Six volumes, New York: D. Appleton and Company, 1887–1889
* Jackson, J.R. & Quinn, A. (2023), "Post-Darwinian Fish Classifications: Theories and Methodologies of Günther, Cope, and Gill", ''History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences'', Vol.45, No.4, (2023), pp. 1–37. {{doi|10.1007/s40656-022-00556-1}}
* Gill, T.N. (1881), "Dr. Günthers Ichthyology", ''Science'', Vol.2, No.54 (9 July 1881), pp. 323–327. {{jstor|2900596}}
 
== External links ==
 
{{commons category|Theodore Nicholas Gill}}
{{Wikisource|Author:Theodore Gillauthor}}
*[http://vertebrates.si.edu/fishes/ichthyology_history/ichs_colls/gill_theodore.html Smithsonian biography of Theodore Gill]
*[http://www.nasonline.org/publications/biographical-memoirs/memoir-pdfs/gill-theodore.pdf A pdf biography of T.HN. Gill] at the [[National Academy of Sciences]] webstire
 
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[[Category:American malacologists]]
[[Category:American mammalogists]]
[[Category:American taxonomists]]
[[Category:American librarians]]
[[Category:1837 births]]
[[Category:1914 deaths]]
[[Category:PeopleScientists from New York City]]
[[Category:George Washington University faculty]]
[[Category:Smithsonian Institution people]]
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