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{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2021}}
{{Infobox hospital
| Name = Manor Hospital
| Org/Group =
| Image = manor hospital 2009.JPG
| Caption = The refurbished Horton Manor House in use as private apartments in 2009.
| latitude = <!-- used only for adding a map, with map_type -->
| longitude = <!-- used only for adding a map, with map_type -->
| Logo = <!-- optional -->
| Location = [[Epsom]]
| State =
| Region =
| Country =
| Coordinates = {{Coord|51|20|20.2|N|0|17|16.66|W|scale:25000_region:GB|display=inline,title}}
| HealthCare = Public [[National Health Service (England)|NHS]]
| Type = Mental health
| Speciality =
| Standards = <!-- optional if no national standards -->
| Emergency =
| Affiliation =
| Beds =
| Founded = 1899
| Closed = 1996
| Website =
| Wiki-Links = <!-- optional -->
| map_type = Surrey
| map_caption =Shown in Surrey
|}}
'''The Manor Hospital''', formerly '''The Manor Asylum''' and '''The Manor Certified Institution''' was a mental handicap and [[psychiatric hospital]] in [[Horton, Surrey|Horton]], near [[Epsom]], [[Surrey]], [[United Kingdom]]
==History==
==Construction and Development==▼
===Ancient use of the site===
Pottery [[sherd]]s and worked [[flint]]s, found on the site of Manor Hospital, show that human activity occurred the early [[British Iron Age|Iron Age]]<ref>{{cite journal |last1= Saunders |first1= M.J. |year= 2000 |title= Late Bronze/Early Iron Age settlement evidence from Manor Hospital, Epsom |url= https://archaeologydataservice.ac.uk/catalogue/adsdata/arch-379-1/dissemination/pdf/vol_87/surreyac087_175-178_saunders.pdf |journal= Surrey Archaeological Collections |volume= 87 |pages= 175–178 |doi= 10.5284/1069276 |access-date= 5 June 2021 |archive-date= 5 June 2021 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210605151305/https://archaeologydataservice.ac.uk/archiveDS/archiveDownload?t=arch-379-1%2Fdissemination%2Fpdf%2Fvol_87%2Fsurreyac087_175-178_saunders.pdf |url-status= live }}</ref> and two [[Stater#Non-Greek staters|staters]] (coins) from this period have been found in the area. This is further to Bronze Age remains which were discovered on nearby Long Grove Road.<ref name=EUS_2003>{{cite web |url=https://archaeologydataservice.ac.uk/archives/view/surreyac/contents.cfm?vol=47&CFID=62101&CFTOKEN=78BC2B43-E0D7-4D0C-94DAD2912DA73FD9|last=Pattison|first= G. |year=2000|title= An Archaeological Watching Brief During the 'Epsom Hositals Cluster' Road Scheme Development, Horton Lane, Epsom|publisher= Surrey County Archaeological Unit}}</ref>
The first of the [[Epsom Cluster]] to open on the Horton Manor estate, the Manor Hospital was developed around the existing Horton Manor House in 1896-99 to the design of William C. Clifford-Smith, Architect to the [[London County Council]]<ref name="pete">{{cite web |url=http://www.countyasylums.com/mentalasylums/manor01.htm |title=London County Asylum: The Manor |accessdate=2012-01-21}}</ref> ▼
The redbrick manor house was used for the administration offices, with similarly styled buildings built for staff quarters. The storerooms, kitchens and laundry were also built from red brick, with curved gables and slate roofs. Porter's lodges were built at the entrances on Horton Lane and Christchurch Road.<ref name="lost">{{cite web |url=http://ezitis.myzen.co.uk/manor.html |title=Lost Hospitals of London: The Manor |accessdate=2012-01-21}}</ref> ▼
[[File:manor hospital hut.JPG|thumb|250px|The only surviving part of the original temporary ward buildings, photographed in 2009.]]
▲The first of the [[Epsom Cluster]] to open on the Horton Manor estate, the Manor Hospital was developed around the existing Horton Manor House
▲The redbrick manor house was used for the administration offices, with similarly styled buildings built for staff quarters. The storerooms, kitchens and laundry were also built from red brick, with curved gables and slate roofs. Porter's lodges were built at the entrances on Horton Lane and Christchurch Road.<ref name="lost">{{cite web |url=http://ezitis.myzen.co.uk/manor.html |
Initially, 700 harmless chronic female patients lived in single-storey pavilions of wood and corrugated iron radiating from the main corridor. Further pavilions were built to the north of the manor house, one of which served as a chapel. An isolation hospital was built in the southwest part of the site and an existing farm bordering Horton Lane provided work for the patients and helped the asylum to maintain self-sufficiency.<ref name="pete" />
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In 1901 accommodation was added to the site for 100 male patients who were to provide labour for the Horton Estate's Central Pumping and Power Station. By 1909 ten permanent brick buildings had been added.<ref name="lost" />
===Wartime
===Mental handicap hospital===
▲in 1916, the asylum was requisitioned by the Army Council and became the Manor War Hospital. All mental patients were transferred to other institutions and the hospital used to treat soldiers wounded in the [[First World War]].<ref name="lost" />
After [[West Park Asylum|West Park Hospital]] opened in 1921, the hospital was redesignated as a Certified Institution for [[Mental retardation|Mental Defectives]]. The new patients continued to provide labour in the workshops making brushes, shoes, baskets and clothing and learning carpentry and sewing.<ref name="lost" />
In the 1930s Horton Lodge, a large [[Georgian era]] mansion on Christchurch Road, was purchased by the LCC as an annexe for the Manor and West Park Hospitals. It was renamed Hollywood Lodge, to avoid confusion with Horton Hospital.<ref name="derelict">{{cite web |url=http://derelictmisc.org.uk/hollywood.html |title=Hollywood Lodge |publisher=Derelict Miscellany|accessdate=
In 1971 there were 1067 beds, 25 of which were in locked wards. By this time the state of the pavilions was causing concern: despite having been built with a life expectancy of 15 years, they were still in use 70 years later. Subsequently, the
▲After [[West Park Asylum|West Park Hospital]] opened in 1921, the hospital was redesignated as a Certified Institution for [[Mental retardation|Mental Defectives]]. The new patients continued to provide labour in the workshops making brushes, shoes, baskets and clothing and learning carpentry and sewing.<ref name="lost" />
▲In the 1930s Horton Lodge, a large [[Georgian]] mansion on Christchurch Road, was purchased by the LCC as an annexe for the Manor and West Park Hospitals. It was renamed Hollywood Lodge, to avoid confusion with Horton Hospital.<ref name="derelict">{{cite web |url=http://derelictmisc.org.uk/hollywood.html |title=Hollywood Lodge |accessdate=2012-01-21}}</ref> The hospital joined the [[National Health Service]] in 1948, and continued to care for moderately mentally handicapped young adults and disturbed adolescents. The hospital gained an international reputation for industrial and behavioural therapy and by 1951 it had 1417 beds.<ref name="lost" />
Following the introduction of [[Care in the Community]], the hospital was gradually reduced in size as patients were moved into alternative accommodation: by 1990 only 454 beds remained.<ref name="lost"/> The hospital closed in 1996 although the garden centre and Pine Lodge, a community-based day centre for adults with learning disabilities remained open.<ref name="lost"/>▼
Hollywood Lodge was used as a care home after the closure of Manor Hospital. The care home itself closed in 2003 before being partially destroyed in an arson attack in February 2005.
▲In 1971 there were 1067 beds, 25 of which were in locked wards. By this time the state of the pavilions was causing concern: despite having been built with a life expectancy of 15 years, they were still in use 70 years later. Subsequently the Hospital was redeveloped with large single-storey redbrick bungalows units with flat roofs replacing the old huts. In 1973 the Queen Elizabeth Hospital in [[Banstead]] Woods, formerly a children's hospital, became a satellite of the Hospital. The Hospital by this time had 1042 beds, including those in Hollywood Lodge, Aldingbourne House (a 60-bed unit near [[Chichester]] where patients would be sent for seaside holidays) and the Queen Elizabeth Hospital.<ref name="lost" />
The bungalow villas have since been demolished and replaced by a new housing estate called 'Manor Park'. The Manor House, Medical Superintendent's house, three of the service blocks and both porter's lodges have been converted to residential use.<ref name="lost" />
▲==Decline and Redevelopment==
▲Following the introduction of [[Care in the Community]], the hospital was gradually reduced in size as patients were moved into alternative accommodation: by 1990 only 454 beds remained. The hospital closed in 1996 although the garden centre and Pine Lodge, a community-based day centre for adults with learning disabilities remained open.
▲The bungalow villas have since been demolished and replaced by a new housing estate called 'Manor Park'. The Manor House, Medical Superintendent's house, three of the service blocks and both porter's lodges have been converted to residential use.<ref name="lost" />
==See Also==▼
* [[Epsom Cluster]]
*[[List of hospitals in England]]
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Epsom and Ewell}}
{{Epsom Cluster}}
{{authority control}}
[[Category:Hospitals in Surrey]]
[[Category:Epsom]]
[[Category:Hospital buildings completed in 1899]]
[[Category:Hospitals established in 1899]]
[[Category:Hospitals disestablished in 1996]]
[[Category:1899 establishments in England]]
[[Category:Defunct companies based in Surrey]]
[[Category:Defunct hospitals in England]]
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