Problem definition: Complementary sourcing, with which a product depends on both a supplier’s and a manufacturer’s engineering and production efforts, is ubiquitous in modern supply chains. A unique feature of complementary sourcing is that efforts by one ...

Problem definition: With heightened global uncertainty, supply chain managers are under increasing pressure to craft strategies that accommodate both supply and demand risks. Although product flexibility is a well-understood strategy to accommodate risk, ...

Many industries operate technologies in which multiple outputs (coproducts) are jointly produced. In some settings (“vertical”) the coproducts differ along a performance dimension and are substitutable. In other settings (“horizontal”) the coproducts ...