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Visual cryptography scheme is initiated to securely encode a secret image into multiple shares. The secret can be reconstructed by overlaying the shares, making it perceptible to the human visual system. Random grid visual cryptography offers key ...

Visual secret sharing is a method used to secure images by converting a secret image into multiple shares so that the original image cannot be recognized from individual shares, and no calculations are required ...

• Visual Secret Sharing is developed for encrypting gray and color images.
• Visual ...

Essential Secret Image Sharing (ESIS) is a method to decompose a secret image into two groups of shares, where one group is essential and the other group is non-essential. In this method, recovery of secret image is possible only if threshold ...

Since Noar and Shamir introduced visual cryptography scheme (VCS), the cheating problem of VCS has absorbed much attention of scholars. The current researches on cheating immune have one or more of these serious disadvantages: (1) each share has ...${\mathrm{}}^{}$${\mathrm{}}^{}$${\mathrm{}}^{}$

To reduce the pixel expansion problem in color–black-and-white visual cryptography schemes (CBW-VCSs) and to provide flexible sharing strategy simultaneously, a random grid based CBW-VCS (RG-CBW-VCS) for general access structure (GAS) ...

• The concept of random grid is extended to color image domain, and XOR operation for color pixels is defined.

Random grid (RG) is an alternative approach to realize a visual secret sharing (VSS) scheme. RG-based VSS has merits such as no pixel expansion and no tailor-made matrix requirement. Recently, many investigations on RG-based VSS are made. However, they ...

Visual secret sharing (VSS) technology encodes a secret image into some share images for sharing some classified information. Only when the participants gather and stack their share pictures the secret image would be reconstructed and recognizable by the ...

Two visual models of image secret sharing have been studied: visual cryptography schemes (VCS), introduced by Naor and Shamir, and visual cryptograms of random grids (VCRG), introduced by Kafri and Keren. VCRG has gained much attention in academia than ...

Conventional (k, n)-threshold visual secret sharing of random grids (VSSRG) schemes generate n shares having the same average light transmission from a secret image to be shared, and any information related to the secret image cannot be identified ...

To evaluate the visual quality in visual secret sharing schemes, most of the existing metrics fail to generate fair and uniform quality scores for tested reconstructed images. We propose a new approach to measure the visual quality of the reconstructed ...

Random grid (RG)-based visual secret sharing (VSS) owns the advantages of no pixel expansion and codebook design. VSS for general access structure (GAS) possesses wider applications than VSS for (k,n) threshold. Previous RG-based VSS studies for GAS had ...

Visual secret sharing (VSS) schemes are classified into two categories-visual cryptography-based (VC) and random grid-based (RG)-with the purpose of encoding a secret into several meaningless shared images that can be superimposed to reveal the secret ...

A RG-based VSS scheme with friendliness and progressive secret-reconstruction.Theoretic analysis demonstrated its visual quality and security.Contrast-flexibility between reconstructed secrets and logo images is presented. Visual secret sharing (VSS) ...

The meaningful share in visual cryptography (VC) is a desired feature because it can increase the efficiency of management and decrease the suspicion of secret image encryptions. Although the traditional user-friendly random grid (RG)-based VC can ...

We proposed an visual multi-secret sharing without secret distortion.We define the shape of share as pie, not traditional doughnut shape.Number of secret sharing is more than two.We adopt RG-based for implementing VMSS to void pixel expansion and ...

Apart from traditional visual secret sharing (VSS), progressive visual secret sharing (PVSS) can gain clearer recovered secret image with more shares. In the literature, Hou and Quan [Hou, Y. C., Quan, Z. Y.: Progressive visual cryptography with ...

Tagged visual cryptography (TVC) is a brand new type of visual cryptography (VC) in which additional tags are concealed into each generated share. By folding up each single share, the associated tagged pattern is visually revealed. Such additional tag ...

Pixel expansion and visual quality of the revealed secret image are two major concerns in visual secret sharing (VSS). Random grid (RG) is an alternative approach to solve the pixel expansion problem by making the share as big as the original secret ...

In this letter, we have corrected some errors in Chen and Tsao (2011). In addition, we improved the proof of Lemma A1.

Visual secret sharing (VSS), classified into visual-cryptography (VC)-based and random-grid (RG)-based, suffers from the contrast problem that the reconstructed secret with low visual quality is not easy to recognize. Even worse, the more share images ...