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The Greatest Musical Artists Of All Time, Ranked
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Vote up the best musicians of all time.
We're ranking the greatest musical artists of all time, with the order decided by fans internationally. From some of the greatest female vocalists of the past 10 years, to incredible current bands, as well as many of the best rock bands and artists of all time, this list includes all of your favorite famous, popular, talented stars across every genre. And of course, many of them are featured in the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.
So many questions will be answered with the voting results below. Nirvana or Pearl Jam? 2Pac or Biggie? The Beatles or the Rolling Stones? Mariah Carey or Whitney Houston? Is Michael Jackson still the King, or is Elvis the true immortal? Is Madonna still the undisputed Queen of Pop? Does anyone rock harder than Jimi Hendrix? Are Jay-Z and Beyonce the most powerful couple in music history? The comparisons and opinions are endless, but ultimately, it's up to you to decide! Make your voice heard by voting for all of the 100+ top bands, duos, singing groups, composers, singers, songwriters, and instrumentalists below.
Most divisive: Bob Dylan
Over 99.2K Ranker voters have come together to rank this list of The Greatest Musical Artists Of All Time, Ranked
Heralded as one of the most influential composers in Western classical music, this German maestro was born in 1770 and showcased an extraordinary talent early in life. Despite losing his hearing later on, he continued to create iconic masterpieces like symphonies, sonatas, and string quartets that showcased his innovative spirit and emotional depth. His revolutionary approach to composition broke down barriers between eras and inspired generations of musicians who followed in his footsteps.
This prodigious composer, born in 1756, is celebrated for his unparalleled contribution to classical music and his uncanny ability to create complex yet exquisitely beautiful compositions. With over 600 works to his name, he's revered for his mastery of diverse genres like symphony, opera, chamber music, and choral music. His enduring legacy is a testament to his timeless genius and a reminder of the profound impact he still has on musicians and listeners alike.
Formed in Liverpool in 1960, this iconic British band transformed popular music with their innovative songwriting, experimentation with different genres, and unmatched charisma. Their meteoric rise to fame during the 1960s ushered in a new era of rock 'n' roll, capturing the hearts of millions while inspiring countless musicians worldwide. Known for their groundbreaking albums and unforgettable performances, they remain a cultural phenomenon that continues to shape the music landscape even today.
This legendary British rock band emerged in the early 1970s with a unique blend of hard rock, glam rock, and operatic influences that would define their signature sound. Led by their charismatic frontman known for his incredible vocal range and flamboyant stage presence, they crafted anthemic songs that resonated with fans around the world. Their influence on contemporary rock bands is undeniable, solidifying their place as true icons in the annals of music history.
Known as the "King of Pop," this immensely talented singer-songwriter and dancer rose to fame as part of a famous family group before embarking on an unparalleled solo career. His groundbreaking albums and iconic music videos showcased his unique blend of pop, soul, funk, and rock that captivated audiences around the world. Beloved for his humanitarian efforts and electrifying stage presence, he remains an enduring symbol of artistic excellence and pop culture influence.
Formed in London in 1968, this pioneering rock band is renowned for their innovative fusion of blues, folk, and hard rock that would lay the groundwork for heavy metal. With a charismatic lead singer, virtuosic guitarist, thunderous drummer, and versatile bassist/keyboardist, they created epic masterpieces that pushed the boundaries of musical expression. Their powerful live performances and enduring popularity are a testament to their status as one of the most influential bands in history.
Born in 1685 into a family of musicians, this German composer is revered for his intricate compositions that showcase his profound understanding of harmony and counterpoint. His vast body of work includes cantatas, concertos, orchestral suites, and organ pieces that demonstrate his mastery over various musical forms. Widely regarded as one of the greatest composers in history, his contributions to Western classical music continue to inspire generations of musicians.
Hailing from Seattle, this groundbreaking guitarist burst onto the scene in the late 1960s with his innovative use of feedback, distortion, and other sonic effects that would revolutionize rock music. His virtuosic playing style and mastery of improvisation allowed him to create mind-bending soundscapes that remain unmatched to this day. Despite a tragically short career, his influence on countless guitarists and musicians across genres is undeniable.
This trailblazing British singer-songwriter and actor burst onto the scene in the late 1960s, quickly becoming known for his eclectic musical style and chameleonic approach to fashion and personas. With a career spanning over five decades, he continually pushed boundaries with his innovative blend of rock, pop, electronic, and experimental music. His unique vision and ever-evolving artistry earned him a legion of dedicated fans and solidified his status as a true icon in popular culture.
Often referred to as the "King of Rock 'n' Roll," this charismatic American singer and actor emerged as a cultural icon in the 1950s with his groundbreaking fusion of blues, gospel, country, and pop. His distinctive voice, swiveling hips, and magnetic stage presence captivated audiences worldwide, revolutionizing the music industry and inspiring countless artists who followed in his footsteps. Today, he remains an enduring symbol of rock 'n' roll greatness and an essential part of American pop culture.
Formed in London in 1965, this progressive rock band is renowned for their lush sonic landscapes, philosophical lyrics, and elaborate live shows that often incorporated visual projections and other multimedia elements. Their groundbreaking concept albums explored themes like war, mental illness, and alienation while pushing the boundaries of rock music with their experimental soundscapes. Today, they remain one of the most influential bands in history with a dedicated fan base and lasting impact on contemporary music.
Formed in London in 1962, this iconic British rock band is known for their gritty blend of blues, rock 'n' roll, and rhythm & blues that would go on to define their signature sound. With their charismatic frontman and virtuosic guitarist at the helm, they've released countless hit songs and albums that have solidified their status as one of the most enduring bands in history. Their influence on subsequent generations of musicians is vast, making them true legends in the world of rock.
Born in New Orleans in 1901, this legendary jazz trumpeter and vocalist is celebrated for his pioneering role in the development of jazz as a distinctly American art form. With a signature raspy voice and virtuosic trumpet playing, he introduced innovative techniques like scat singing that would shape the course of jazz history. Through his recordings and international tours, he became a beloved ambassador for jazz music around the world.
This Jamaican singer-songwriter and guitarist emerged as a global icon in the 1970s with his distinctive fusion of reggae, ska, and rocksteady that brought international attention to Jamaican music. As the frontman of a legendary reggae band, he crafted powerful songs that tackled social and political issues while promoting messages of love, unity, and spirituality. Today, his enduring legacy as both a musician and cultural figure continues to inspire millions around the world.
As one of the founding members of an iconic British band, this singer-songwriter and multi-instrumentalist is considered one of the most successful composers and performers in popular music history. His prolific solo career has spanned over five decades, showcasing his ability to craft timeless pop melodies across various genres like rock, classical, and electronic music. In addition to his contributions as a musician, he's also known for his philanthropy and activism, making him a true ambassador of peace and love.
Born in 1915 in Hoboken, New Jersey, this American singer and actor is regarded as one of the most influential vocalists of the 20th century with his smooth baritone voice and impeccable phrasing. Throughout his six-decade-long career, he recorded numerous iconic albums that showcased his ability to interpret a wide range of musical styles like jazz, swing, and traditional pop. His impact on popular music is immeasurable, inspiring countless singers who followed in his footsteps.
Blind since shortly after birth, this American singer-songwriter and multi-instrumentalist is celebrated for his immense talent and innovative contributions to popular music. With a career spanning over six decades, he's released numerous hit songs and albums that showcase his mastery of various genres like soul, funk, R&B, and pop. As both an accomplished musician and a dedicated activist, he continues to inspire generations with his timeless artistry and unwavering commitment to social change.
Known as the "Man in Black," this legendary American singer-songwriter and guitarist is revered for his deep baritone voice and poignant storytelling that spanned genres like country, rockabilly, and gospel. Throughout his five-decade-long career, he released numerous iconic albums that showcased his ability to connect with listeners through raw emotion and honest lyrics. Today, he remains an influential figure in popular music with a lasting impact on countless musicians across genres.
As the charismatic frontman of a legendary British rock band, this singer-songwriter and pianist is celebrated for his incredible vocal range and powerful stage presence that captivated audiences worldwide. His unique blend of rock, opera, and pop showcased his versatility as an artist while pushing the boundaries of musical expression. Despite his untimely passing in 1991, he remains an enduring symbol of artistic brilliance and a powerful influence on countless musicians who followed in his footsteps.
Born in 1810, this Polish composer and virtuosic pianist is celebrated for his innovative contributions to Romantic music, particularly his mastery of the piano as a solo instrument. His extensive body of work includes nocturnes, waltzes, études, and sonatas that showcase his expressive melodies and intricate harmonies. Widely regarded as one of the most important composers in history, his unique style and profound impact on piano music continue to inspire generations of musicians.
With a flamboyant stage presence and virtuosic piano skills, this British singer-songwriter has become one of the best-selling artists in history with over 300 million records sold worldwide. Known for crafting memorable pop melodies that span genres like rock, glam rock, and soft rock, he's released numerous hit songs and albums that have resonated with fans around the globe. In addition to his musical achievements, he's also a dedicated philanthropist and LGBTQ+ activist, making him a true icon in popular culture.
As one of the founding members of an iconic British band, this singer-songwriter and guitarist is renowned for his powerful songwriting abilities and distinctive voice that would shape the course of popular music history. After the band's breakup, he embarked on a successful solo career that showcased his continued evolution as an artist while promoting messages of peace and love. Tragically taken from us too soon, his enduring legacy as both a musician and cultural icon lives on.
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This enigmatic American singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, and producer emerged in the late 1970s with a genre-defying sound that blended elements of funk, rock, pop, and R&B. Known for his flamboyant stage presence, unparalleled musicianship, and provocative lyrics, he released numerous groundbreaking albums that pushed the boundaries of popular music. His untimely passing in 2016 left a void in the music world, but his lasting influence on countless artists ensures that his legacy will live on.
- Though he had written film scores for some of the greatest directors of all time, including Alfred Hitchcock, Oliver Stone, and George Lucas, composer John Williams was clearly defined by his long-running collaboration with Steven Spielberg. Though prolific and accomplished in his own right, Williams reached unprecedented heights, thanks to his iconic scores for Spielberg-helmed classics "Jaws" (1975), "Close Encounters of the Third Kind" (1977), "Raiders of the Lost Ark" (1981) , "E.T.: The Extra-Terrestrial" (1982), and "Jurassic Park" (1993). Spielberg even had an indirect hand in Williams composing the music for "Star Wars" (1977), perhaps the most iconic and popular film score ever recorded. In all, Williams was decorated with an incalculable number of awards, including Grammys, Oscars and Golden Globes, while earning a reputation for churning out high quality work but with a rare degree of humility and self-effacement. Outside of his work with Spielberg and Lucas, he was responsible for other culturally-prominent scores, including "Superman: The Movie" (1978) and "Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone" (2001). Though his output declined in his later years - he was an active conductor of the world's greatest orchestras - Williams remained, without a doubt, the most successful film composer of all time.
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Formed in Washington state in 1987, this influential rock band is credited with bringing alternative rock and grunge into the mainstream during the early 1990s. Led by their introspective frontman who was both a gifted songwriter and guitarist, they crafted raw and powerful songs that resonated with a disillusioned generation. Despite their relatively short career together, their impact on rock music is undeniable and continues to be felt today.
Originating in London in 1967 as a blues-rock band before evolving into a pop-rock powerhouse during the 1970s, this iconic group is known for their distinctive blend of male-female vocal harmonies and expert musicianship. With multiple lineup changes over the years, they've released numerous hit songs and albums that have captivated fans around the world. Their enduring popularity and influence on contemporary bands solidify their place in music history.
This soulful American singer-songwriter and musician rose to fame during the 1960s as one of Motown's most successful artists. Known for his smooth tenor voice and heartfelt lyrics that often addressed social issues, he crafted numerous hit songs that showcased his unique blend of soul, R&B, gospel, and funk influences. Tragically taken from us too soon, his enduring legacy as one of the most influential artists in modern music history lives on.
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Born in St. Joseph, Missouri in 1972, this controversial yet undeniably talented rapper rose to fame in the late 1990s with his provocative lyrics, intricate wordplay, and rapid-fire delivery. Throughout his career, he's released numerous hit songs and albums that have pushed the boundaries of hip-hop while tackling difficult subjects like addiction, mental health, and personal relationships. Despite facing numerous controversies, he remains a powerful influence on countless artists in the rap and hip-hop genres.
Formed in California in 1967, this American rock band is celebrated for their distinctive blend of swamp rock, roots rock, and country that resonated with fans during the turbulent late 1960s and early 1970s. Led by their talented frontman who was both a gifted songwriter and guitarist, they crafted powerful songs that tackled political and social issues while maintaining a timeless appeal. Despite disbanding in 1972, their music continues to be celebrated as an essential part of American rock 'n' roll history.
Born in 1930 in Albany, Georgia, this pioneering American singer-songwriter and pianist is often referred to as "The Genius" for his groundbreaking fusion of gospel, R&B, jazz, and blues. Blinded at a young age due to glaucoma, he overcame adversity to become one of the most influential musicians of the 20th century with his soulful voice and innovative piano playing. His lasting impact on popular music can be heard in countless artists who followed in his footsteps.
Born in Venice in 1678, this Italian composer and violinist is regarded as one of the most important figures in Baroque music. Known for his virtuosic playing and innovative compositional techniques, he created numerous concertos, sonatas, and sacred choral works that showcased his mastery of harmony and counterpoint. His enduring influence on Western classical music can be heard in the works of countless composers who followed in his footsteps.
Formed in Los Angeles in 1971, this iconic American rock band is known for their distinctive blend of country-rock and soft rock that resonated with fans throughout the 1970s. With their expert musicianship and tight vocal harmonies, they crafted numerous hit songs that showcased their ability to create memorable melodies and poignant lyrics. Their enduring popularity and influence on subsequent generations of musicians solidify their place as one of the most successful bands in history.
Born in St. Louis in 1926, this pioneering American singer-songwriter and guitarist is widely regarded as one of the founding fathers of rock 'n' roll with his innovative fusion of blues, R&B, and country. With his energetic performances, distinctive guitar riffs, and clever lyrics, he crafted numerous hit songs that would go on to inspire countless musicians across genres. Today, his enduring legacy as a trailblazer in popular music continues to be celebrated.
Hailing from Mississippi, this legendary American blues singer-songwriter and guitarist is renowned for his emotive vocal style and expressive guitar playing that earned him the nickname "The King of the Blues." Throughout his six-decade-long career, he released numerous iconic albums that showcased his ability to convey raw emotion through soulful melodies and poignant lyrics. His lasting influence on countless musicians across genres solidifies his place as one of the most important figures in modern music history.
Hailing from England, this legendary singer-songwriter and guitarist emerged during the 1960s as a member of various influential rock bands before embarking on a successful solo career. Known for his distinctive guitar playing that incorporates elements of blues, rock, and pop, he's crafted numerous hit songs and albums that have resonated with fans around the world. His lasting impact on popular music is undeniable, making him one of the most celebrated guitarists in history.
As one of the founding members of an iconic British band, this talented singer-songwriter and guitarist is celebrated for his unique contributions to popular music both during his time with the band and throughout his solo career. Known for crafting introspective songs that often explored spiritual themes, he showcased his mastery of various musical styles like rock, pop, Indian classical music, and electronic music. His lasting impact on popular culture is undeniable, making him a true icon in music history.
This trailblazing American jazz trumpeter, bandleader, and composer is renowned for his immense talent and innovative approach to music that would shape the course of jazz history. Throughout his six-decade-long career, he explored various styles like bebop, cool jazz, modal jazz, and fusion while collaborating with countless other influential musicians. His enduring legacy as one of the most important figures in modern music history continues to inspire countless artists across genres.
- "Tschaikowsky" is a patter song with lyrics by Ira Gershwin and music by Kurt Weill, first performed by American comedian Danny Kaye in the 1941 Broadway musical Lady in the Dark. In his lyrics Gershwin used the alternate spelling "Tschaikowsky", from the German transliteration in place of the more widely accepted modern transliteration Tchaikovsky. "Tschaikowsky" is not a song in the normal sense of the term: it is a rhyming list of fifty Russian composers' names, which Kaye rattled off as rapidly as possible. At each performance, Kaye tried to break his previous speed record for reciting this song: consequently, it was intended to be recited a cappella, as the orchestra could not possibly keep up with him. Several of the "Russian" composers listed in this song are actually Russian-Americans whose names Gershwin altered for the purposes of his lyric. For example, one of the names in the song is "Dukelsky"; this is actually the birth name of Vernon Duke, an American composer of Russian ancestry. Stanisław Moniuszko, Witold Maliszewski and Leopold Godowsky are actually Polish, not Russian.
Formed in California in 1961, this iconic American rock band is known for their distinctive harmonies and innovative blend of surf rock, pop, and psychedelia that would define their signature sound. Led by their talented frontman who was both a gifted songwriter and producer, they crafted numerous hit songs that showcased their ability to create infectious melodies and complex vocal arrangements. Their lasting impact on popular music can be heard in countless bands who followed in their footsteps.
Born in New York in 1949, this American singer-songwriter and pianist is celebrated for his timeless pop melodies that span genres like rock, soft rock, and jazz. With a career spanning over five decades, he's released numerous hit songs and albums that have resonated with fans around the world. As both an accomplished musician and a dedicated philanthropist, he remains an influential figure in popular culture.
This legendary American singer-songwriter and musician emerged during the folk music revival of the early 1960s, quickly becoming known for his poetic lyrics, distinctive voice, and innovative guitar playing. With a career spanning over six decades, he's released numerous groundbreaking albums that have explored various genres like folk, blues, country, and rock while tackling important social and political issues. As both an influential artist and Nobel Prize laureate in literature, his impact on popular culture is immeasurable.
Born in Hamburg in 1833, this German composer and pianist is celebrated for his innovative contributions to Romantic music, particularly his mastery of symphonic and chamber music forms. His extensive body of work includes symphonies, concertos, sonatas, and choral pieces that showcase his expressive melodies and intricate harmonies. Widely regarded as one of the most important composers in history, his lasting impact on Western classical music continues to inspire generations of musicians.
Formed in Los Angeles in 1965, this influential American rock band is known for their unique blend of blues, rock, and psychedelic music that captivated fans during the late 1960s and early 1970s. Led by their enigmatic frontman who was both a gifted songwriter and captivating performer, they crafted powerful songs that explored themes like love, death, and the human experience. Despite disbanding in the early 1970s following their frontman's untimely passing, their lasting impact on popular music remains undeniable.
- 44ABBA are a Swedish pop group formed in Stockholm in 1972 by Agnetha Fältskog, Björn Ulvaeus, Benny Andersson and Anni-Frid Lyngstad. The group's name is an acronym of the first letters of their first names. They became one of the most commercially successful acts in the history of popular music, topping the charts worldwide from 1974 to 1982. ABBA won the Eurovision Song Contest 1974 at The Dome in Brighton, UK, giving Sweden its first triumph in the contest. They are the most successful group to have taken part in the competition. During the band's active years, it was composed of two married couples: Fältskog and Ulvaeus, and Lyngstad and Andersson. With the increase of their popularity, their personal lives suffered which eventually resulted in the collapse of both marriages. The relationship changes were reflected in the group's music, with latter compositions featuring darker and more introspective lyrics. After ABBA disbanded in January 1983, Andersson and Ulvaeus achieved success writing music for the stage, while Lyngstad and Fältskog pursued solo careers with mixed success. ABBA's music declined in popularity until the purchase of ABBA's catalogue and record company Polar by Polygram in 1989 enabled the groundwork to be laid for an international re-issue of all their original material and a new Greatest Hits (ABBA Gold) collection in September 1992, which became a worldwide bestseller. Several films, notably Muriel's Wedding (1994) and The Adventures of Priscilla, Queen of the Desert (1994), further revived interest in the group and spawned several tribute bands. In 1999, ABBA's music was adapted into the successful musical Mamma Mia! that toured worldwide. A film of the same name, released in 2008, became the highest-grossing film in the United Kingdom that year. A sequel, Mamma Mia! Here We Go Again, was released in 2018. On 27 April 2018, it was announced that the band had recorded two new songs after 35 years of being inactive, named "I Still Have Faith in You" and "Don’t Shut Me Down". On 18 September 2018, in an interview, Andersson said that they are still working on the songs, with possibly a third one written; they are set to be released in 2019.Estimates of ABBA's total record sales are over 380 million, making them one of the best-selling music artists of all time. ABBA are the first group from a non-English-speaking country to achieve consistent success in the charts of English-speaking countries, including the United Kingdom, Ireland, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa and the United States. They have a joint record eight consecutive number-one albums in the UK. The group also enjoyed significant success in Latin America, and recorded a collection of their hit songs in Spanish. ABBA were honoured at the 50th anniversary celebration of the Eurovision Song Contest in 2005, when their hit "Waterloo" was chosen as the best song in the competition's history. The group was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2010. In 2015, their song "Dancing Queen" was inducted into the Recording Academy's Grammy Hall of Fame.
Born in Tennessee in 1946, this beloved American singer-songwriter and multi-instrumentalist is revered for her distinctively emotive voice and heartfelt storytelling that spans genres like country, pop, bluegrass, and gospel. With a career spanning over six decades, she's released numerous hit songs and albums that showcase her ability to connect with listeners through raw emotion and honest lyrics. In addition to her musical achievements, she's also an accomplished actress, philanthropist, and cultural icon who continues to inspire generations.
Formed in California in 1981, this pioneering American heavy metal band is renowned for their aggressive sound, intricate musicianship, and powerful live performances that have captivated fans for over four decades. As one of the "big four" bands responsible for popularizing thrash metal, they've released numerous groundbreaking albums that showcase their innovative fusion of speed metal, progressive rock, and hardcore punk influences. Their enduring popularity and influence on countless artists across genres solidify their place as one of the most important bands in modern music history.
Born in Philadelphia in 1915, this legendary American jazz singer is celebrated for her deeply emotional vocal style and innovative phrasing that would go on to influence countless singers across genres. Throughout her tumultuous life and career, she recorded numerous iconic songs that showcased her ability to convey raw emotion through music. Despite facing numerous personal challenges and a tragically short career, her enduring legacy as one of the most important figures in jazz history lives on.
Hailing from Detroit in the early 1960s, this legendary American vocal group rose to fame as one of Motown's most successful acts with their distinctive blend of soulful harmonies and tight choreography. Known for crafting unforgettable hits that spanned genres like R&B, funk, and psychedelic soul, they showcased their ability to adapt to changing musical trends while maintaining a timeless appeal. Their lasting impact on popular music can be heard in countless artists who followed in their footsteps.
Emerging from the Los Angeles rock scene in the mid-1980s, this iconic American hard rock band is celebrated for their explosive blend of heavy metal, punk, and blues that would define their signature sound. With a charismatic frontman and virtuosic guitarist at the helm, they released numerous hit songs and albums that resonated with fans around the world. Their influence on subsequent generations of rock bands is vast, making them true legends in the annals of music history.
- Whitney Houston, one of the most celebrated vocalists of her time, was born on August 9, 1963, in Newark, New Jersey. Born into a musical family, her mother Cissy Houston, a gospel singer, and cousin Dionne Warwick, an international pop icon, had a significant influence on her early life. Houston's journey into the music industry began at an early age when she started singing in her church choir and performed solo for the first time when she was just 11. Houston's career took off in the mid-1980s after signing with Arista Records. Her self-titled debut album Whitney Houston released in 1985, was a massive success, earning multiple platinum certifications and spawning three No.1 singles. The follow-up album, Whitney, made Houston the first female artist to debut at number one on the Billboard 200 charts. She continued this trend of breaking records and setting new ones throughout her career. Houston also ventured into acting, with her role in The Bodyguard (1992) earning her acclaim. The film's original soundtrack won the 1994 Grammy for Album of the Year, with its lead single I Will Always Love You, becoming one of the best-selling singles in music history. However, Houston's successful career was often overshadowed by her personal struggles. Her tumultuous marriage to Bobby Brown and her battles with substance abuse were widely publicized, leading to a decline in her musical output and health. Despite these challenges, Houston's impact on the music industry is undeniable. Her powerful voice and range set a new benchmark for pop vocal performance, influencing a generation of singers that followed. Whitney Houston passed away on February 11, 2012, but her legacy lives on.
Known as the "Godfather of Soul," this immensely talented American singer-songwriter and dancer emerged during the 1950s as a powerful force in the world of R&B, soul, and funk. With his electrifying stage presence, explosive dance moves, and innovative musical style that incorporated elements of gospel, blues, and jazz, he crafted numerous hit songs that would go on to inspire countless musicians across genres. Today, he remains an enduring symbol of artistic excellence and a powerful influence on popular music.
Formed in Florida in 1976, this American rock band is celebrated for their distinctive blend of heartland rock, roots rock, and southern rock that resonated with fans throughout the late 20th century. Led by their charismatic frontman who was both a gifted songwriter and guitarist, they crafted powerful songs that tackled themes like love, loss, and the American experience. Despite disbanding in 2017 following the passing of their frontman, their music continues to be celebrated as an essential part of American rock 'n' roll history.
- Ella Fitzgerald, nicknamed "The First Lady of Song," was a towering figure in the world of jazz and pop music during the 20th century. Born on April 25, 1917, in Newport News, Virginia, she rose to prominence as an American jazz singer known for her pure tone, wide-ranging voice, and impeccable diction. Early in her career, Fitzgerald won an amateur contest at New York City's Apollo Theater in 1934, a victory that marked the beginning of her journey into stardom. Fitzgerald's career spanned over six decades, during which she produced a vast body of work that included collaborations with some of the greatest names in music history. She worked with jazz legends like Duke Ellington, Louis Armstrong, and Count Basie, among others. Her most notable contribution to the music industry was perhaps her Songbook series, a collection of albums celebrating the works of great American composers such as Cole Porter, Duke Ellington, and the Gershwins. This series showcased her versatility as she captured the essence of each composer's style while adding her unique interpretation. Despite facing numerous challenges, including racial discrimination and personal hardships, Fitzgerald's impact on music was profound and enduring. Her awards and achievements are a testament to her talent and influence. She won 13 Grammy awards, received the National Medal of Arts from President Ronald Reagan, and was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom by President George H.W. Bush. Ella Fitzgerald passed away on June 15, 1996, but her legacy lives on, influencing generations of singers and musicians with her remarkable vocal style and dedication to her craft.
- (Achille) Claude Debussy (French: [aʃil klod dəbysi]; 22 August 1862 – 25 March 1918) was a French composer. He is sometimes seen as the first Impressionist composer, although he vigorously rejected the term. He was among the most influential composers of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Born to a family of modest means and little cultural involvement, Debussy showed enough musical talent to be admitted at the age of ten to France's leading music college, the Conservatoire de Paris. He originally studied the piano, but found his vocation in innovative composition, despite the disapproval of the Conservatoire's conservative professors. He took many years to develop his mature style, and was nearly 40 when he achieved international fame in 1902 with the only opera he completed, Pelléas et Mélisande. Debussy's orchestral works include Prélude à l'après-midi d'un faune (1894), Nocturnes (1897–1899) and Images (1905–1912). His music was to a considerable extent a reaction against Wagner and the German musical tradition. He regarded the classical symphony as obsolete and sought an alternative in his "symphonic sketches", La mer (1903–1905). His piano works include two books of Préludes and two of Études. Throughout his career he wrote mélodies based on a wide variety of poetry, including his own. He was greatly influenced by the Symbolist poetic movement of the later 19th century. A small number of works, including the early La Damoiselle élue and the late Le Martyre de saint Sébastien have important parts for chorus. In his final years, he focused on chamber music, completing three of six planned sonatas for different combinations of instruments. With early influences including Russian and far-eastern music, Debussy developed his own style of harmony and orchestral colouring, derided – and unsuccessfully resisted – by much of the musical establishment of the day. His works have strongly influenced a wide range of composers including Béla Bartók, Olivier Messiaen, George Benjamin, and the jazz pianist and composer Bill Evans. Debussy died from cancer at his home in Paris at the age of 55 after a composing career of a little more than 30 years.
- Renowned for his emotive, operatic voice and dark, melancholic themes, Roy Orbison was a seminal figure in the history of popular music. Born in Vernon, Texas, on April 23, 1936, Orbison's love for music started when he was gifted a guitar for his sixth birthday, sparking a passion that would cement his future career. He went on to form his first band at the tender age of thirteen. His journey from a regional musician to an international superstar began after signing with Sun Records in 1956. It was here that Orbison started to carve out his unique niche in an industry dominated by rock 'n' roll giants. Orbison rose to global prominence in the early 1960s with monumental hits like "Only the Lonely," "Crying," and "In Dreams.". His songs, steeped in heartache and despair, resonated deeply with listeners, earning him the nickname "The Caruso of Rock," due to his wide-ranging baritone voice, compared to the renowned opera singer Enrico Caruso. Orbison also stood out for his distinctive look - always seen wearing dark sunglasses, he created an aura of mystery and intrigue, which only enhanced his appeal. Orbison continued to influence music through his distinctive songwriting, and in 1988, he joined forces with Bob Dylan, George Harrison, Jeff Lynne, and Tom Petty to form the supergroup, The Traveling Wilburys. His impact on music is still evident, with countless artists citing him as a significant influence. He was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1987, further solidifying his place in musical history. Tragically, Orbison passed away in December 1988, but his legacy continues to inspire artists and captivate audiences worldwide.
- Formed in Boston, Massachusetts in 1970, Aerosmith are one of the most recognizable bands in the world of music. Comprising Steven Tyler (lead vocals), Joe Perry (guitar, vocals), Tom Hamilton (bass), Joey Kramer (drums), and Brad Whitford (guitar), their unique blend of blues-based hard rock and pop hooks catapulted them to fame. Aerosmith is often referred to as the Bad Boys from Boston and widely regarded as America's Greatest Rock and Roll Band. The band's journey to stardom was not without its challenges. Despite initial success with their self-titled debut album in 1973 and subsequent hits like "Toys in the Attic" and "Rocks," Aerosmith faced a tumultuous period in the late 1970s and early 1980s due to drug addiction and internal conflicts. However, showing resilience and tenacity, they bounced back in the mid-1980s with a string of successful albums and singles, redefining their image and sound. Their comeback was marked by hits such as "Love in an Elevator," "Janie's Got a Gun," and "I Don't Want to Miss a Thing," which showcased their versatility and ability to adapt to changing musical trends. With more than 150 million records sold worldwide, Aerosmith is one of the best-selling American rock bands of all time. They have earned numerous accolades, including Grammy Awards, American Music Awards, and MTV Video Music Awards. Moreover, they were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2001, cementing their place in music history. Throughout their career, Aerosmith has proven time and again their ability to captivate audiences with their high-energy performances, distinctive style, and enduring appeal.
- 57Santana is a Latin rock band, founded in San Francisco during the late 1960s by Carlos Santana as a vehicle for his compositions and guitar style. The band first came to widespread public attention when their performance of "Soul Sacrifice" at Woodstock in 1969 provided a contrast to other acts on the bill. This exposure helped propel their first album, also named Santana, into a hit, followed in the next two years by the successful Abraxas and Santana III. In the years that followed lineup changes were common. Carlos Santana's increasing involvement with guru Sri Chinmoy took the band into more esoteric music, though never quite losing its initial Latin influence. In 1998, the group was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, with Carlos Santana, Jose Chepito Areas, David Brown, Gregg Rolie, Mike Carabello and Michael Shrieve being honored. The band has earned eight Grammy Awards and three Latin Grammy Awards, the latter all in 2000. Carlos also won Grammy Awards as a solo artist in 1989 and 2003. Santana has sold more than 90 million records worldwide, making them one of the world’s best-selling groups of all time.
- Willie Nelson was born on April 29, 1933 in Abbott, Texas, Nelson's early life was steeped in hardship. Despite this, he discovered his passion for music and began writing songs and playing guitar at a young age. His early musical influences included gospel, pop, blues, and folk, which eventually shaped his unique sound that transcends traditional genre boundaries. Nelson's journey to fame and success was not a straight path. He initially worked as a radio disc jockey while honing his songwriting skills. His breakthrough came when he wrote "Crazy", which became a massive hit for Patsy Cline in 1961. This success led him to Nashville, where he penned more hits for artists like Ray Price and Billy Walker. However, Nelson's own performing career didn't take off until he moved back to Texas in the 1970s, where he became a key figure in the "outlaw country" movement with albums like Shotgun Willie and Red Headed Stranger. Over the course of his career, Willie Nelson has released over 200 albums, showcasing his prolific songwriting and distinctive, soulful voice. He won multiple Grammy Awards and was inducted into the Country Music Hall of Fame. Additionally, Nelson is known for his activism work, particularly his efforts in promoting biofuel and the legalization of marijuana. Despite his fame, Nelson remains a humble and down-to-earth figure, often noted for his characteristic braids and bandana. His enduring popularity and influence in music and beyond make him a true American icon.
- The Kinks, originally formed in Muswell Hill, North London, in 1964, is an English rock band widely recognized for their influential contributions to the British Invasion era of rock and roll. The group was founded by brothers Ray and Dave Davies, who remained its core members throughout the band's existence, while other members varied over time. The line-up included Mick Avory on drums and Pete Quaife on bass. They initially gained fame with their third single, "You Really Got Me," which topped the UK charts and established The Kinks as one of the most significant rock groups of the 1960s. The Kinks' music ranged from hard-driving rock numbers to more melodic, almost theatrical songs. This demonstrates the band's ability to cross different musical genres, including rock, R&B, British music hall, folk, and country. Their lyrics, often penned by Ray Davies, were known for their social commentary and were a reflection of British life and values, setting them apart from many of their contemporaries. The Kinks' innovative approach to storytelling through music led to several concept albums, such as Arthur (1969) and Lola Versus Powerman and the Moneygoround (1970), and spawned hits like "Waterloo Sunset," "Lola," and "Sunny Afternoon." Despite bouts of internal strife and periods of commercial decline, The Kinks have left an indelible mark on the music scene. Their influence is evident in a diverse range of bands and artists who cite them as inspirations, from punk and Britpop bands to singer-songwriters and indie rockers. They were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1990, a testament to their enduring legacy. Although the band officially disbanded in 1996, their music continues to resonate, attesting to the timeless appeal of The Kinks' unique blend of melodic prowess, lyrical insight and rock and roll spirit.
- Bruce Springsteen, often referred to as "The Boss," is an influential figure in the world of rock music. Born on September 23, 1949, in Long Branch, New Jersey, Springsteen's passion for music was ignited at a young age when he saw Elvis Presley's performance on The Ed Sullivan Show. This defining moment led him to pick up a guitar at the age of 13, marking the beginning of his illustrious musical journey. He attended Ocean County College briefly but dropped out to focus fully on his music, performing with several bands in the New Jersey area. Springsteen's big break came in 1972 when he signed with Columbia Records. His debut album, Greetings from Asbury Park, N.J., released in 1973, though not immediately successful, eventually gained recognition for its blend of poetic lyrics and folk-rock tunes. It was his third album, Born to Run, released in 1975, that carried Springsteen to international stardom. The title track, with its powerful lyrics and energetic melodies, became an anthem for the working-class American dream. Throughout his career, Springsteen has been lauded for his unique storytelling ability and his commitment to exploring the struggles of everyday Americans in his music. His discography includes iconic albums like Darkness on the Edge of Town, Born in the U.S.A., and The Rising, each resonating with different aspects of the American experience. Springsteen's enduring influence has earned him numerous accolades, including 20 Grammy Awards, an Academy Award, and a special Tony Award. Further testament to his impact on music and culture, he was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1999. Despite the heights he has reached, Springsteen remains deeply connected to his roots, consistently channeling his experiences and observations into his prolific songwriting.
- George Gershwin (; born Jacob Bruskin Gershowitz, September 26, 1898 – July 11, 1937) was an American composer and pianist whose compositions spanned both popular and classical genres. Among his best-known works are the orchestral compositions Rhapsody in Blue (1924) and An American in Paris (1928), the songs Swanee (1919) and Fascinating Rhythm (1924), the jazz standard I Got Rhythm (1930), and the opera Porgy and Bess (1935) which spawned the hit Summertime. Gershwin studied piano under Charles Hambitzer and composition with Rubin Goldmark, Henry Cowell, and Joseph Brody. He began his career as a song plugger but soon started composing Broadway theater works with Buddy DeSylva and his brother Ira Gershwin. He moved to Paris intending to study with Nadia Boulanger, but she refused him; he subsequently composed An American in Paris. He then returned to New York City and wrote Porgy and Bess with Ira and DuBose Heyward. It was initially a commercial failure but came to be considered one of the most important American operas of the twentieth century and an American cultural classic. Gershwin moved to Hollywood and composed numerous film scores until his death in 1937 from a malignant brain tumor. His compositions have been adapted for use in films and television, and several became jazz standards recorded and covered in many variations.
- Otis Redding, an iconic figure in the world of soul music, was born on September 9, 1941, in Dawson, Georgia. Raised in a deeply religious family, his love for music was fostered at an early age when he began singing in the Vineville Baptist Church choir. His early life involved a myriad of jobs including well digging and gas station attendant before he found his true calling. In spite of the hardships, he managed to develop his musical talents, which soon set him on a path towards an illustrious career. Redding's journey into professional music began with Johnny Jenkins & The Pinetoppers, where he served as a driver and musician. His talent shone through during a recording session at Stax Records, leading to his first single, "These Arms of Mine." This song was a commercial success and marked the beginning of Redding's fruitful relationship with Stax. Over the years, he produced numerous hits including "I've Been Loving You Too Long," "Mr. Pitiful," and the posthumously released "(Sittin' On) The Dock of the Bay," which became the first posthumous number-one record on both the Billboard Hot 100 and R&B charts. Despite his tragic death in a plane crash on December 10, 1967, Redding's influence on music remains undiminished. His emotive, raw vocal style has inspired countless musicians and continues to captivate audiences worldwide. His legacy was further cemented when he was inducted into both the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and the Songwriters Hall of Fame.
- George Frideric (or Frederick) Handel (; born Georg Friederich Händel [ˈɡeːɔɐ̯k ˈfʁiːdʁɪç ˈhɛndl̩] (listen); 23 February 1685 (O.S.) [(N.S.) 5 March] – 14 April 1759) was a German, later British, Baroque composer who spent the bulk of his career in London, becoming well known for his operas, oratorios, anthems, and organ concertos. Handel received important training in Halle-upon-Saale and worked as a composer in Hamburg and Italy before settling in London in 1712; he became a naturalised British subject in 1727. He was strongly influenced both by the great composers of the Italian Baroque and by the middle-German polyphonic choral tradition. Within fifteen years, Handel had started three commercial opera companies to supply the English nobility with Italian opera. Musicologist Winton Dean writes that his operas show that "Handel was not only a great composer; he was a dramatic genius of the first order." As Alexander's Feast (1736) was well received, Handel made a transition to English choral works. After his success with Messiah (1742) he never composed an Italian opera again. Almost blind, and having lived in England for nearly fifty years, he died in 1759, a respected and rich man. His funeral was given full state honours, and he was buried in Westminster Abbey in London. Born the same year as Johann Sebastian Bach and Domenico Scarlatti, Handel is regarded as one of the greatest composers of the Baroque era, with works such as Messiah, Water Music, and Music for the Royal Fireworks remaining steadfastly popular. One of his four coronation anthems, Zadok the Priest (1727), composed for the coronation of George II, has been performed at every subsequent British coronation, traditionally during the sovereign's anointing. Another of his English oratorios, Solomon (1748), has also remained popular, with the Sinfonia that opens act 3 (known more commonly as "The Arrival of the Queen of Sheba") featuring at the 2012 London Olympics opening ceremony. Handel composed more than forty operas in over thirty years, and since the late 1960s, with the revival of baroque music and historically informed musical performance, interest in Handel's operas has grown.
- The Supremes were an American female singing group and a premier act of Motown Records during the 1960s. Founded as The Primettes in Detroit, Michigan, in 1959, the Supremes were the most commercially successful of Motown's acts and are, to date, America's most successful vocal group with 12 number one singles on the Billboard Hot 100. Most of these hits were written and produced by Motown's main songwriting and production team, Holland–Dozier–Holland. At their peak in the mid-1960s, the Supremes rivaled the Beatles in worldwide popularity, and it is said that their success made it possible for future African American R&B and soul musicians to find mainstream success.Florence Ballard, Mary Wilson, Diana Ross, and Betty McGlown, the original group, are all from the Brewster-Douglass public housing project in Detroit. They formed the Primettes as the sister act to the Primes (with Paul Williams and Eddie Kendricks, who went on to form the Temptations). Barbara Martin replaced McGlown in 1960, and the group signed with Motown the following year as The Supremes. Martin left the act in early 1962, and Ross, Ballard, and Wilson carried on as a trio. During the mid-1960s, the Supremes achieved mainstream success with Ross as lead singer and Holland-Dozier-Holland as its songwriting and production team. In 1967, Motown president Berry Gordy renamed the group Diana Ross & the Supremes, and replaced Ballard with Cindy Birdsong. In 1970, Ross left to pursue a solo career and was replaced by Jean Terrell and the group reverted to being The Supremes again. During the mid-1970s, the lineup changed with Lynda Laurence, Scherrie Payne and Susaye Greene joining until, after 18 years, the group disbanded in 1977.
- Stevie Nicks, born Stephanie Lynn Nicks on May 26, 1948, in Phoenix, Arizona, is an accomplished singer and songwriter known for her distinctive voice and mystical stage presence. She embarked on her musical journey at a young age, penning her first song at the tender age of 16. Her early love for music grew into a successful career that has spanned over five decades, encompassing both her solo work and her iconic tenure with Fleetwood Mac, a British-American rock band she joined in 1975. Nicks's contribution to Fleetwood Mac resulted in some of the band's most significant successes. Her unique sound and emotive lyrics are showcased in hits like "Rhiannon," "Landslide," and "Dreams," which became the band's only number-one hit on the Billboard Hot 100. Despite the band's tumultuous interpersonal relationships, Nicks remained a constant driving force, propelling them to new heights. In 1981, while still a member of Fleetwood Mac, Nicks embarked on a solo career that further solidified her status as a rock legend. Nicks's solo career proved equally successful, yielding several top-ten singles including "Edge of Seventeen" and "Stand Back." Her debut solo album, Bella Donna, reached number one on the Billboard 200 chart and went on to achieve multi-platinum status. Among her many accolades, Nicks was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame twice, once as a member of Fleetwood Mac in 1998 and again as a solo artist in 2019, making her the first woman to receive this honor twice.
- Earth, Wind & Fire is an American band that has spanned the musical genres of R&B, soul, funk, jazz, disco, pop, rock, Latin, African and gospel. They are one of the most successful and critically acclaimed bands of the twentieth century. Rolling Stone has described them as "innovative, precise yet sensual, calculated yet galvanizing" and has also declared that the band "changed the sound of black pop". Also known as EWF, the band was founded in Chicago by Maurice White in 1969. Other members have included Philip Bailey, Verdine White, Ralph Johnson, Larry Dunn, Al McKay and Andrew Woolfolk. The band has received 20 Grammy nominations; they won six as a group and two of its members, Maurice White and Bailey, won separate individual awards. Earth, Wind & Fire have 12 American Music Awards nominations and four awards. They have been inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, the Vocal Group Hall of Fame, received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame, and sold over 100 million records, making them one of the world's best-selling bands of all time.
- Singer-songwriter Tom Petty was the driving force behind the Heartbreakers, an impeccable and versatile group that generated dozens of Top 20 hits, including "Don't Do Me Like That," "Refugee," "You Got Lucky," "Don't Come Around Here No More," and "Mary Jane's Last Dance," among others that became touchstones of both Top 40 and AOR radio play. Petty's musical style derived inspiration from '60s-era garage rock and pop from both sides of the Atlantic and delivered his urgent, biting songs with a heavy serving of Southern soul and Petty's own signature, Dylan-esque vocals. Arriving on the music scene during the late 1970s, the Heartbreakers were frequently slotted with punk and New Wave acts, though their sound also found favor with classic rock fans. Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers tenaciously carved out a career for the next decade before reaching the top of the rock pile in the late 1980s. Petty himself would step away from the band to collaborate in the all-star Traveling Wilburys before releasing 1989's Full Moon Fever, the highest charting record of his career. In the nearly three decades that followed, Petty would balance his time between solo efforts and reunions with the Heartbreakers while never losing sight of his rock-n-roll ideals. In doing so, he earned the undying respect of popular music fans for generations. His October 2, 2017 death from a heart attack at his Malibu home at the age of 66, only a week after finishing the Heartbreakers' 40th anniversary tour (which he had already hinted would be his last extensive road outing) shocked fans and peers around the world.
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Formed in Georgia in 1980, this influential American rock band is celebrated for their unique blend of alternative rock, folk-rock, and jangle pop that resonated with fans throughout the 1980s and 1990s. With introspective lyrics and distinctive melodies, they crafted powerful songs that tackled themes like love, loss, and the human experience. Despite disbanding in 2011, their lasting impact on popular music and influence on countless bands ensure that their legacy will live on.
- Samuel Cook (January 22, 1931 – December 11, 1964), known professionally as Sam Cooke, was an American singer, songwriter, civil-rights activist and entrepreneur. Influential as both a singer and composer, he is commonly known as the King of Soul for his distinctive vocals and importance within popular music. He began singing as a child and joined the Soul Stirrers before moving to a solo career where he scored a string of hit songs like "You Send Me", "A Change Is Gonna Come", "Wonderful World", "Chain Gang", "Twistin' the Night Away", and "Bring it on Home to Me". His pioneering contributions to soul music contributed to the rise of Aretha Franklin, Bobby Womack, Al Green, Curtis Mayfield, Stevie Wonder, Marvin Gaye, and Billy Preston, and popularized the likes of Otis Redding and James Brown. AllMusic biographer Bruce Eder wrote that Cooke was "the inventor of soul music", and possessed "an incredible natural singing voice and a smooth, effortless delivery that has never been surpassed".On December 11, 1964, at the age of 33, Cooke was shot and killed by Bertha Franklin, the manager of the Hacienda Motel in Los Angeles, California. After an inquest, the courts ruled Cooke's death to be a justifiable homicide. Since that time, the circumstances of his death have been called into question by Cooke's family.
- A titan of the music industry, Charles Hardin Holley, known professionally as Buddy Holly, was a pioneering American musician and songwriter. Born on September 7, 1936, in Lubbock, Texas, Holly developed a keen interest in music at a young age, influenced by country, western, and rhythm and blues genres. He began performing during his high school years, catching the attention of a Nashville scout, which led to his first contract with Decca Records. Holly's career, though short-lived due to his untimely death, was meteoric and impactful. He formed "The Crickets" in 1957, and the band quickly gained fame with hits like "That'll Be The Day" and "Peggy Sue." Holly was recognized for his distinctive fusion of country music and rhythm and blues, creating a sound that became a cornerstone of rock and roll. He was also known for his unique performing style, often wearing thick-rimmed glasses, which became a part of his signature look. Tragically, Holly's life and career were cut short when he died in a plane crash on February 3, 1959, a day famously referred to as "The Day the Music Died." Despite his early death at the age of 22, Buddy Holly's influence on music cannot be understated. He has been cited as a significant influence by numerous rock artists, including The Beatles, Bob Dylan, and Eric Clapton. Holly's groundbreaking contribution to the genre was recognized when he was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1986, affirming his lasting legacy in the world of music.
- Crosby, Stills & Nash is a folk rock supergroup made up of David Crosby, Stephen Stills and Graham Nash. They are known as Crosby, Stills, Nash & Young when joined by occasional fourth member Neil Young. They are noted for their intricate vocal harmonies, often tumultuous interpersonal relationships, political activism, and lasting influence on American music and culture. All four members of CSNY have been inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame twice, though Young's inductions were for work not involving the group.
- 72Blondie are an American rock band co-founded by singer Debbie Harry and guitarist Chris Stein. The band was a pioneer in the American new wave scene of the mid-1970s in New York. Their first two albums contained strong elements of these genres, and although highly successful in the United Kingdom and Australia, Blondie was regarded as an underground band in the United States until the release of Parallel Lines in 1978. Over the next five years, the band achieved several hit singles, including "Heart of Glass," "Call Me," "Atomic," "The Tide Is High," and "Rapture." The band became noted for its eclectic mix of musical styles, incorporating elements of disco, pop, reggae, and early rap music. Blondie disbanded after the release of its sixth studio album, The Hunter, in 1982. Debbie Harry continued to pursue a solo career with varied results after taking a few years off to care for partner Chris Stein, who was diagnosed with pemphigus, a rare autoimmune disease of the skin.
- Though he began his career as a keyboardist for several late-1970s New Wave pop groups, Hans Zimmer used his pioneering blend of digital synthesizers and computer technology to become one of the most acclaimed and sought after film composers of his day. Following a brief, but productive partnership with composer Stanley Myers, Zimmer struck out on his own and carved a successful career that was highlighted by such early recognized work as "Rain Man" (1988), "Driving Miss Daisy" (1989) and "Thelma & Louise" (1991). Having quickly moved up the ranks, Zimmer became a go-to favorite for directors looking to add something different to the more standardized compositions offered by more classically trained composers. He reached the pinnacle of his career when he wrote the African-inspired rhythms for the hit animated feature, "The Lion King" (1994); the music from which long remained a signature for his unique stylings. From there, Zimmer seemed to be nominated for some major award or another every year, thanks to writing such memorable music for the films "Gladiator" (2000), "The Last Samurai" (2003) and "The Dark Knight" (2008). By the time of he created the critically lauded score to "Sherlock Holmes" (2009), Zimmer had established himself as a premiere composer with well over 100 films to his credit.
- Duke Ellington and His Orchestra is a musical group.
- Leonard Cohen, born in 1934 in Montreal, Canada, was a globally recognized musician, poet, and novelist whose influence spanned over six decades. His profound work showcased an extraordinary blend of emotion, intellect, and sheer musicality that earned him a place among the world's most venerated songwriters. Cohen began his career as a poet and novelist, with his first book of poetry, Let Us Compare Mythologies, published in 1956. However, his life took a significant turn when he moved to the United States in the late 1960s and forayed into the world of music. His debut album, Songs of Leonard Cohen (1967), established him as a folk music icon, with tracks like Suzanne and So Long, Marianne becoming instant classics. Over the years, Cohen produced fourteen studio albums, each demonstrating his uncanny ability to express the human condition through his lyrics and melodies. His most famous composition, Hallelujah, has been covered by countless artists across multiple genres, testament to its universal appeal. In addition to his contributions to music and literature, Cohen was known for his spiritual exploration. Raised in a Jewish family, he had a strong interest in religion that led him to explore Buddhism in the 1970s. For a time, he even resided at a Zen Buddhist monastery in California. This spiritual journey deeply influenced his work, infusing it with themes of faith, redemption, and suffering. Cohen passed away in 2016, leaving behind a rich legacy that continues to inspire and captivate audiences worldwide.
- 76Heart are an American rock band formed in 1967 in Seattle, Washington, as The Army. Two years later they changed their name to Hocus Pocus. The year following they changed their name to White Heart, and eventually changed the name a final time to Heart, in 1973. By the mid-1970s, original members Roger Fisher (guitar) and Steve Fossen (bass guitar) had been joined by sisters Ann Wilson (lead vocals and flute) and Nancy Wilson (rhythm guitar, backing and occasional lead vocals), Michael Derosier (drums), and Howard Leese (guitar and keyboards) to form the lineup for the band's initial mid- to late-1970s success period. These core members were included in the band's 2013 induction into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Heart rose to fame with music influenced by hard rock and heavy metal, as well as folk music. The band underwent a major lineup change as the 1970s transitioned into the 1980s. Heart disbanded in 1998, though they have resumed touring and recording multiple times since then.
- The Cranberries were an Irish rock band formed in Limerick, Ireland in 1989 by lead singer Niall Quinn, guitarist Noel Hogan, bassist Mike Hogan, and drummer Fergal Lawler. Quinn was replaced as lead singer by Dolores O'Riordan in 1990. The band officially classify themselves as an alternative rock group, but incorporate aspects of indie pop, post-punk, Irish folk, and pop rock into their sound.The Cranberries rose to international fame in the 1990s with their debut album Everybody Else Is Doing It, So Why Can't We?, which became a commercial success. The band has sold over 40 million records worldwide (and over 14 million in the US), achieved five top 20 albums on the Billboard 200 chart (Everybody Else Is Doing It, So Why Can't We?; No Need to Argue, To the Faithful Departed, Bury the Hatchet, and Stars: The Best of 1992-2002) as well as having eight top 20 singles on the Modern Rock Tracks chart ("Linger", "Dreams", "Zombie", "Ode to My Family", "Ridiculous Thoughts", "Salvation", "Free to Decide", and "Promises").In early 2009, after a six-year hiatus, the Cranberries reunited and began a North American tour followed by shows in Latin America and Europe. The band recorded their sixth album Roses in May 2011, and released it in February 2012. Something Else, an album covering many of the band's most popular songs along with new orchestral accompaniments provided by the Irish Chamber Orchestra, was released in April 2017. The album also included three new songs: "The Glory", "Rupture" and "Why?" On 15 January 2018, lead singer Dolores O'Riordan was found dead of drowning in a London hotel room. She had recently arrived in London for a recording session. The Cranberries confirmed in September 2018 that they would not be continuing as a band, releasing their final album In the End in April 2019 and disbanding afterward. Noel Hogan stated: “the Cranberries was the four of us. We don’t want to do this without Dolores. So we’re going to leave it after this.”
- 78Adele, full name Adele Laurie Blue Adkins, is a globally renowned singer and songwriter hailing from Tottenham, London. Born on May 5th, 1988, she made her way into the music industry with an impressive debut album titled 19, released in 2008. The album was named after her age at its creation and was met with massive acclaim for its mature sound and resonating lyrics about heartbreak. It featured hit singles such as Chasing Pavements and Hometown Glory. Her prowess didn't stop there; she took home two Grammy Awards in 2009 for Best New Artist and Best Female Pop Vocal Performance. In 2011, Adele released her second studio album 21, again reflecting her age during composition. This time around, the commercial success outdid even that of her first release - it topped charts worldwide and broke numerous sales records. Hit singles like Rolling in the Deep, Someone Like You, and Set Fire to the Rain propelled Adele to international fame while also earning six Grammy Awards including Album of the Year. Adele released her fourth studio album titled 30 in November of 2021. The album 30 is inspired Adele's divorce, motherhood, fame, heartache, and hope. Beyond these achievements are further milestones that solidify Adele's place among musical greats: In addition to winning an Academy Award for Best Original Song with Skyfall (the theme song for a James Bond film), she returned triumphantly onto the scene after a hiatus with another chart-topping album ‘25' featuring hits like Hello. Despite personal challenges along this journey — vocal cord surgery in late-2011 being one — Adele has consistently demonstrated resilience alongside unmatched vocal talent.
- Igor Stravinsky, a seminal figure in the world of classical music, revolutionized the genre with his innovative compositions and pioneering approach to orchestration. Born on June 17, 1882, in Oranienbaum, Russia, he was the son of an acclaimed bass singer at the St. Petersburg Opera. Although initially studying law, Stravinsky gravitated towards music under the tutelage of Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov, one of Russia's most esteemed composers. Stravinsky catapulted into fame with his early works, particularly "The Firebird," "Petrushka," and "The Rite of Spring," commissioned by Sergei Diaghilev for his Ballets Russes. The latter ballet, premiered in Paris in 1913, is famous for inciting a riot due to its avant-garde nature, but ultimately solidified Stravinsky's reputation as a groundbreaking composer. His subsequent works, including "The Soldier's Tale" and "Symphonies of Wind Instruments," further demonstrated his adeptness at incorporating diverse musical elements from Russian folk tunes to jazz rhythms. Throughout his life, Stravinsky continually adapted and evolved his style, moving from the primitivism of his early ballets to neoclassicism and later, serialism. This stylistic versatility, coupled with his profound influence on 20th-century music, makes him one of the most celebrated composers of his time. Despite facing numerous adversities, including two World Wars and exile from his homeland, Stravinsky never ceased to experiment and innovate. He passed away on April 6, 1971, leaving behind a rich legacy that continues to inspire musicians and composers worldwide.
- Alton Glenn Miller (March 1, 1904 – disappeared December 15, 1944) was an American big-band trombonist, arranger, composer, and bandleader in the swing era. He was the best-selling recording artist from 1939 to 1943, leading one of the best-known big bands. Miller's recordings include "In the Mood", "Moonlight Serenade", "Pennsylvania 6-5000", "Chattanooga Choo Choo", "A String of Pearls", "At Last", "(I've Got a Gal In) Kalamazoo", "American Patrol", "Tuxedo Junction", "Elmer's Tune", and "Little Brown Jug". In just four years Glenn Miller scored 16 number-one records and 69 top ten hits—more than Elvis Presley (38 top 10s) and the Beatles (33 top 10s) did in their careers. While he was traveling to entertain U.S. troops in France during World War II, Miller's aircraft disappeared in bad weather over the English Channel.
- John Denver, born Henry John Deutschendorf Jr. on December 31, 1943, was an iconic American singer-songwriter, record producer, actor, activist, and humanitarian who became one of the most popular acoustic artists of the 1970s. Raised in a military family, Denver's passion for music was sparked at an early age when he was gifted an old Gibson guitar by his grandmother. He adopted his stage name as a tribute to the capital city of his beloved Colorado, a state that often served as inspiration for his music. Denver's career took flight with his first major hit, "Take Me Home, Country Roads," which reached number two on Billboard's Hot 100 chart in 1971. His subsequent singles, such as "Rocky Mountain High," "Sunshine on My Shoulders," and "Annie's Song," further solidified his status as a leading figure in folk music. His signature lyrical focus on nature, his simple yet evocative melodies, and his warm, tenor voice resonated with audiences worldwide, earning him 12 gold and four platinum albums. Apart from his illustrious music career, Denver was also known for his environmental and humanitarian work. He founded the World Hunger Project in 1977, championing the cause of ending world hunger. A dedicated environmentalist, Denver used his platform to advocate for conservation efforts, notably serving on the Presidential Commission on World and Domestic Hunger. In addition to his activism, Denver also ventured into acting, starring in films like Oh, God! alongside George Burns. His life was cut tragically short in a plane crash in 1997, but his legacy continues to influence the music industry and inspire countless artists.
- While he definitely ranked among the greatest opera tenors who ever lived, it was Luciano Pavarotti's frequent performances on television that helped make him recognizable even to non-music buffs. Indeed, for roughly four decades, he appeared regularly on televised operas or charity concerts and as a guest on various talk shows. There were three series in particular which his name became closely associated with: "The Metropolitan Opera Presents," "Live from Lincoln Center," and "Great Performances," all of which aired on PBS. His appearances on the first two programs took place from the late '70s to the mid '80s, and included a televised version of "La Bohème" in which he played the main character, Rodolfo. As for "Great Performances," he headlined several episodes that aired during the '90s, most notably 1998's "Pavarotti & Friends for the Children of Liberia," which featured his 1993 charity concert in New York City's Central Park. While his big-screen acting career was mixed--he received a Razzie nomination for 1982's failed romantic comedy "Yes, Giorgio," but positive notes for a filmed version of "Rigoletto" in the same year--his renditions of classic Italian operas and arias have found their way into plenty of films.
- Smokey Robinson, born as William Robinson Jr. on February 19, 1940, emerged from the humble beginnings of Detroit's North End to become one of the most influential figures in the music industry. A renowned singer, songwriter, producer, and record executive, Robinson possesses an indelible influence that extends far beyond his Motown roots. He is noted for his silky smooth voice, intricate lyrics, and pioneering contributions to R&B and soul music. Robinson's meteoric rise began with the formation of The Miracles, a vocal group he founded while still in high school. With him as their lead singer and principal songwriter, The Miracles produced numerous hit records that helped establish Motown's dominance in the 1960s music scene. However, Robinson's talent wasn't confined to the stage alone. As Motown's vice president, he played a critical role in nurturing the careers of many artists, including The Temptations, Marvin Gaye, and The Supremes. Yet, perhaps Robinson's most enduring legacy lies in his songwriting prowess. Known for his poetic lyrics that often resonate with profound emotional depth, Robinson has penned numerous hits, including "Tracks of My Tears," "My Girl," and "You've Really Got a Hold on Me." Over the years, his work has earned him multiple accolades, including the Grammy Living Legend Award and induction into the Rock 'n' Roll Hall of Fame. His career, spanning over six decades, stands as a testament to his undying passion for music and his unparalleled contributions to the world of entertainment.
- David Gilmour, a renowned figure in the music industry, is best known for his instrumental role as a vocalist and guitarist for the legendary rock band Pink Floyd. Born on March 6, 1946, in Cambridge, England, Gilmour's interest in music was sparked at a young age. He attended the Cambridgeshire College of Arts and Technology, where he honed his musical talent. His journey took a pivotal turn in 1967 when he joined Pink Floyd, replacing former frontman Syd Barrett. Gilmour's impact on Pink Floyd was transformative. His distinct guitar style and soulful voice played a significant role in shaping the band's unique sound. During his tenure with Pink Floyd, the band released numerous chart-topping albums, including "The Dark Side of the Moon," "Wish You Were Here," and "The Wall." These records, among others, established Pink Floyd as one of the most influential bands in the rock genre. Gilmour's contributions were integral to this success, earning him international acclaim and numerous awards, including induction into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1996. Despite his success with Pink Floyd, Gilmour's artistic endeavors extended beyond the band. He embarked on a solo career, releasing his self-titled debut album in 1978. His solo discography showcases his versatility as a musician, ranging from hard rock to more introspective acoustic pieces. Additionally, Gilmour has collaborated with various artists throughout his career, further demonstrating his dynamic range. Despite the ups and downs of his career, David Gilmour remains a timeless icon in the music industry, revered for his exceptional musical talent and enduring influence on rock music.
- Patsy Cline (born Virginia Patterson Hensley; September 8, 1932 – March 5, 1963) was an American singer. She is considered one of the most influential vocalists of the 20th century and was one of the first country music artists to successfully crossover into pop music. Cline recorded several songs that became major hits during her eight-year career, including 2 number-one hits on the Billboard Hot Country and Western Sides chart. Cline's family eventually settled in Winchester, Virginia. Her first professional performances began at the local WINC radio station when she was fifteen. In the early 1950s, Cline began appearing in a local band led by performer Bill Peer. Various local appearances led to featured performances on Connie B. Gay's Town and Country television broadcasts. It also led to the signing of her first recording contract with the Four Star label in 1954. She had minor success with her earliest Four Star singles including "A Church, A Courtroom and Goodbye" (1955) and "I've Loved and Lost Again" (1956). In 1957 however, Cline made her first national television appearance on Arthur Godfrey's Talent Scouts. After performing "Walkin' After Midnight", the single would become her first major hit on both the country and pop charts. Cline's further singles with Four Star Records were unsuccessful, although she continued performing and recording. After marrying in 1957 and giving birth in 1958, she moved to Nashville, Tennessee to further her career. Working with new manager Randy Hughes, Cline would become a member of the Grand Ole Opry and then move to Decca Records in 1960. Under the direction of producer Owen Bradley, her musical sound shifted and she achieved consistent success. The 1961 single "I Fall to Pieces" would become her first to top the Billboard country chart. As the song became a hit, Cline was severely injured in an automobile accident, which caused her to spend a month in the hospital. After recovering, her next single release "Crazy" would also become a major hit. Between 1962 and 1963, Cline had hits with "She's Got You", "When I Get Through with You", "So Wrong" and "Leavin' on Your Mind". She also toured and headlined shows with more frequency. In March 1963, Cline appeared at a benefit show in Kansas City, Kansas. To return home, she boarded a plane along with country performers Cowboy Copas, Hawkshaw Hawkins and manager Randy Hughes. Upon hitting rough weather, the plane crashed outside of Camden, Tennessee, killing all those on board. Since her death, Cline has been cited as one of the most celebrated, respected and influential performers of the 20th century. She has also been seen as a forerunner for women in country music for being among the first to sell records and headline concerts. Her music has also influenced performers of various styles and genres. In 1973, she became the first female performer to be inducted into the Country Music Hall of Fame. In the 1980s, she was portrayed twice in major motion pictures, including the 1985 biopic Sweet Dreams starring Jessica Lange as Cline.
- The Carpenters were an American vocal and instrumental duo consisting of siblings Karen (1950–1983) and Richard Carpenter (b. 1946). They produced a distinct soft musical style, combining Karen's contralto vocals with Richard's arranging and composition skills. During their 14-year career, the Carpenters recorded ten albums, along with numerous singles and several television specials. The siblings were born in New Haven, Connecticut, and moved to Downey, California, in 1963. Richard took piano lessons as a child, progressing to California State University, Long Beach, while Karen learned the drums. They first performed together as a duo in 1965 and formed the jazz-oriented Richard Carpenter Trio followed by the middle-of-the-road group Spectrum. Signing as Carpenters to A&M Records in 1969, they achieved major success the following year with the hit singles "(They Long to Be) Close to You" and "We've Only Just Begun". Subsequently, the duo's brand of melodic pop produced a record-breaking run of hit recordings on the American Top 40 and Adult Contemporary charts, and they became leading sellers in the soft rock, easy listening and adult contemporary music genres. The Carpenters had three number-one singles and five number-two singles on the Billboard Hot 100 and fifteen number-one hits on the Adult Contemporary chart, in addition to twelve top-10 singles. They have sold more than 90 million records worldwide, making them one of the best-selling music artists of all time. The duo toured continually during the 1970s, which put them under increased strain; Richard took a year off in 1979 after he had become addicted to Quaaludes, while Karen suffered from anorexia nervosa. Their career together ended in 1983 when Karen died from heart failure brought on by complications of anorexia. Extensive news coverage surrounding these circumstances increased public awareness of eating disorders. Though the Carpenters were criticized for their clean-cut and wholesome conservative image in the 1970s, their music has since been re-evaluated, attracting critical acclaim and continued commercial success.
- Black Sabbath, a British rock band, rose to the forefront of the music scene in the late 1960s and early 1970s. The group was formed in Birmingham, England, in 1968 by four members: John "Ozzy" Osbourne (vocals), Tony Iommi (guitar), Geezer Butler (bass), and Bill Ward (drums). The band's unique sound, characterized by heavy guitar riffs and dark lyrical themes, has often been credited as pioneering the genre of heavy metal. The band released their self-titled debut album, Black Sabbath, in 1970, which reached the Top Ten in the UK. Their subsequent albums, such as Paranoid and Master of Reality, were also well-received, solidifying their status as a force to be reckoned with within the industry. Throughout their career, Black Sabbath faced numerous line-up changes, the most notable being the departure of original frontman Ozzy Osbourne in 1979. Despite these changes, the band maintained its signature sound and continued to release successful albums. Black Sabbath's influence on rock music cannot be overstated. They have sold over 70 million records worldwide and have been inducted into both the UK Music Hall of Fame and the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Despite their disbandment in 2017, the legacy of Black Sabbath continues to resonate within the music world. Their groundbreaking style and sound have inspired countless bands and musicians, validating their place as one of the most influential bands in the history of rock music.
- Muddy Waters, born as McKinley Morganfield on April 4, 1913, in Issaquena County, Mississippi, was an influential figure in the world of blues music. His journey began in the cotton fields of the Mississippi Delta, where he developed his love for music. Raised by his grandmother after losing both parents at a young age, Waters grew up listening to the local blues musicians that frequented the area's juke joints. He taught himself harmonica before moving onto the guitar, inspired by his idol, Son House. In the early 1940s, Waters's talent was recognized by musicologist Alan Lomax who recorded him for the Library of Congress. The encounter marked a turning point in Waters's life, inspiring him to pursue a professional career in music. In 1943, he migrated north to Chicago in search of better opportunities. There, he revolutionized the blues genre by incorporating electric guitar and creating the "Chicago Blues" sound. His powerful performances and innovative style attracted the attention of Chess Records, one of the leading blues record companies, which offered him a contract in 1947. Over the next two decades, Waters produced several hit records, including "I Can't Be Satisfied," "Rollin' Stone," and "Hoochie Coochie Man." Muddy Waters's influence extends far beyond his own prolific career. His electrifying performances and distinctive sound had a profound impact on many rock 'n' roll legends such as The Rolling Stones, who named themselves after his hit song, and Eric Clapton, who cited Waters as one of his greatest influences. Despite facing numerous personal and professional challenges, Waters remained dedicated to his craft until his death on April 30, 1983. His legacy continues to resonate within the music industry, serving as a testament to his indomitable spirit and enduring contributions to the world of blues music.
- Franz Liszt (German: [ˈlɪst]; Hungarian: Liszt Ferencz, in modern usage Liszt Ferenc [ˈlist ˈfɛrɛnt͡s]; 22 October 1811 – 31 July 1886) was a Hungarian composer, virtuoso pianist, conductor, music teacher, arranger, and organist of the Romantic era. He was also a writer, a philanthropist, a Hungarian nationalist and a Franciscan tertiary. Liszt gained renown in Europe during the early nineteenth century for his prodigious virtuosic skill as a pianist. He was a friend, musical promoter and benefactor to many composers of his time, including Frédéric Chopin, Richard Wagner, Hector Berlioz, Robert Schumann, Camille Saint-Saëns, Edvard Grieg, Ole Bull, Joachim Raff, Mikhail Glinka, and Alexander Borodin.A prolific composer, Liszt was one of the most prominent representatives of the New German School (Neudeutsche Schule). He left behind an extensive and diverse body of work which influenced his forward-looking contemporaries and anticipated 20th-century ideas and trends. Among Liszt's musical contributions were the symphonic poem, developing thematic transformation as part of his experiments in musical form, and radical innovations in harmony.
- Franz Joseph Haydn (; German: [ˈfʁants ˈjoːzɛf ˈhaɪdn̩] (listen); 31 March 1732 – 31 May 1809) was an Austrian composer of the Classical period. He was instrumental in the development of chamber music such as the piano trio. His contributions to musical form have earned him the epithets "Father of the Symphony" and "Father of the String Quartet".Haydn spent much of his career as a court musician for the wealthy Esterházy family at their remote estate. Until the later part of his life, this isolated him from other composers and trends in music so that he was, as he put it, "forced to become original". Yet his music circulated widely, and for much of his career he was the most celebrated composer in Europe. He was a friend and mentor of Mozart, a tutor of Beethoven, and the older brother of composer Michael Haydn.
- The Red Hot Chili Peppers is a legendary rock band hailing from Los Angeles, California. The group was established in 1983 by Anthony Kiedis, Michael Balzary (also known as Flea), Hillel Slovak, and Jack Irons. Through their unique blend of funk, punk, and psychedelic rock, the band cemented its place in music history. Their dynamic sound and raw energy have earned them a global fan base, numerous awards, and commercial success. The band's journey was not without its hardships. In the late 1980s, they faced the tragic loss of guitarist Hillel Slovak due to drug overdose. The following years saw several lineup changes, with the entrance of John Frusciante and Chad Smith proving pivotal in shaping the band's signature sound. Together, they produced some of the Chili Peppers' most acclaimed work, including the quadruple platinum album Blood Sugar Sex Magik. This album featured hits like Under The Bridge and Give It Away, which have since become anthems of the 90s rock scene. Despite experiencing intermittent periods of hiatus and personal struggles, the Red Hot Chili Peppers have displayed remarkable resilience. They have released 11 studio albums, with their 2006 album Stadium Arcadium earning them five Grammy Awards. The band was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2012, a testament to their significant contribution to the music industry. Their enduring influence continues to resonate within the realm of rock, inspiring countless musicians and captivating audiences worldwide.
- 92AC/DC are an Australian hard rock band, formed in November 1973 by brothers Malcolm and Angus Young, who continued as members until Malcolm's illness and departure in 2014. Commonly referred to as a hard rock or blues rock band, they are also considered pioneers of heavy metal and are sometimes classified as such, though they have always dubbed their music as simply "rock and roll". AC/DC underwent several line-up changes before releasing their first album, High Voltage, on 17 February 1975; Malcolm and Angus were the only original members left in the band.
- Benjamin Earl King (born Benjamin Earl Nelson, September 28, 1938 – April 30, 2015) was an American soul and R&B singer and record producer. He is best known as the singer and co-composer of Stand by Me — a U.S. Top 10 hit, both in 1961 and later in 1986 (when it was used as the theme to the film of the same name), a number one hit in the United Kingdom in 1987, and no. 25 on the RIAA's list of Songs of the Century — and as one of the principal lead singers of the R&B vocal group The Drifters, notably singing the lead vocals of one of their biggest global hit singles (and only U.S. #1 hit) "Save the Last Dance for Me".
- Sergei Vasilyevich Rachmaninoff (Серге́й Васи́льевич Рахма́нинов) (1 April [O.S. 20 March] 1873 – 28 March 1943) was a Russian composer, virtuoso pianist and conductor of the late Romantic period, some of whose works are among the most popular in the Romantic repertoire. Born into a musical family, Rachmaninoff took up the piano at age four. He graduated from the Moscow Conservatory in 1892, having already composed several piano and orchestral pieces. In 1897, following the negative critical reaction to his Symphony No. 1, Rachmaninoff entered a four-year depression and composed little until successful therapy allowed him to complete his enthusiastically received Piano Concerto No. 2 in 1901. For the next sixteen years, Rachmaninoff conducted at the Bolshoi Theatre, relocated to Dresden, Germany, and toured the United States for the first time. Following the Russian Revolution, Rachmaninoff and his family left Russia; in 1918, they settled in the United States, first in New York City. With his main source of income coming from piano and conducting performances, demanding tour schedules led to a reduction in his time for composition; between 1918 and 1943, he completed just six works, including Rhapsody on a Theme of Paganini, Symphony No. 3, and Symphonic Dances. By 1942, his failing health led to his relocation to Beverly Hills, California. One month before his death from advanced melanoma, Rachmaninoff was granted American citizenship. In Rachmaninoff's work, early influences of Tchaikovsky, Rimsky-Korsakov, Balakirev, Mussorgsky, and other Russian composers gave way to a personal style notable for its song-like melodicism, expressiveness and rich orchestral colors. Rachmaninoff often featured the piano in his compositions, and he explored the expressive possibilities of the instrument through his own skills as a pianist.
- Franz Peter Schubert (German: [ˈfʁant͡s ˈpeːtɐ ˈʃuːbɐt]; 31 January 1797 – 19 November 1828) was an Austrian composer of the late Classical and early Romantic eras. Despite his short lifetime, Schubert left behind a vast oeuvre, including more than 600 secular vocal works (mainly Lieder), seven complete symphonies, sacred music, operas, incidental music and a large body of piano and chamber music. His major works include the Piano Quintet in A major, D. 667 (Trout Quintet), the Symphony No. 8 in B minor, D. 759 (Unfinished Symphony), the three last piano sonatas (D. 958–960), the opera Fierrabras (D. 796), the incidental music to the play Rosamunde (D. 797), and the song cycles Die schöne Müllerin (D. 795) and Winterreise (D. 911). Born in the Himmelpfortgrund suburb of Vienna, Schubert's uncommon gifts for music were evident from an early age. His father gave him his first violin lessons and his older brother gave him piano lessons, but Schubert soon exceeded their abilities. In 1808, at the age of eleven, he became a pupil at the Stadtkonvikt school, where he became acquainted with the orchestral music of Haydn, Mozart, and Beethoven. He left the Stadtkonvikt at the end of 1813, and returned home to live with his father, where he began studying to become a schoolteacher; despite this, he continued his studies in composition with Antonio Salieri and still composed prolifically. In 1821, Schubert was granted admission to the Gesellschaft der Musikfreunde as a performing member, which helped establish his name among the Viennese citizenry. He gave a concert of his own works to critical acclaim in March 1828, the only time he did so in his career. He died eight months later at the age of 31, the cause officially attributed to typhoid fever, but believed by some historians to be syphilis. Appreciation of Schubert's music while he was alive was limited to a relatively small circle of admirers in Vienna, but interest in his work increased significantly in the decades following his death. Felix Mendelssohn, Robert Schumann, Franz Liszt, Johannes Brahms and other 19th-century composers discovered and championed his works. Today, Schubert is ranked among the greatest composers of the 19th century, and his music continues to be popular.
- Jimmy Page stands out as one of the most influential guitarists in the annals of rock music. Born James Patrick Page on January 9, 1944, in Heston, England, his journey to stardom began at an early age when he picked up a guitar for the first time. He honed his skill and passion for the instrument, leading him to become a pivotal figurehead in British blues revival scenes of the mid-1960s. Before reaching international fame with Led Zeppelin, Page was a highly sought-after studio guitarist, contributing to numerous songs by various artists. His unique style, a fusion of blues and hard rock, set him apart from his contemporaries. In 1968, Page formed the legendary rock band, Led Zeppelin, alongside Robert Plant, John Paul Jones, and John Bonham. As the band's lead guitarist and principal songwriter, Page played an integral role in shaping their groundbreaking sound. The band's eponymous first album, released in 1969, showcased Page's innovative guitar techniques, including his use of droning strings and alternate tunings. Over the next decade, Led Zeppelin made a series of successful albums, with Page's distinctive playing style becoming synonymous with the band's heavy, yet melodic, sound. Despite Led Zeppelin's disbandment following the tragic death of drummer John Bonham in 1980, Page's music career continued to flourish. He embarked on various solo projects and collaborations with artists like The Yardbirds and The Firm. In recognition of his contributions to music, he was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame twice, once as a member of The Yardbirds in 1992 and again as a member of Led Zeppelin in 1995.
- Nina Simone, born Eunice Kathleen Waymon on February 21, 1933, in Tryon, North Carolina, was a prodigious talent whose profound influence resonates in various music genres. Her journey into music began at an early age, with her demonstrating extraordinary piano skills and a captivating voice that would later earn her the title "The High Priestess of Soul". Despite enduring severe hardships, including racial discrimination, Simone's unyielding resilience and passion for music led her to amass a formidable body of work, which includes over 40 albums. Simone's music was a vibrant fusion of gospel, pop, classical, jazz, blues, and folk, providing a unique backdrop to her powerful contralto vocals. Notable tracks like "I Put a Spell on You," "Feeling Good," and "Sinnerman" bear witness to her musical versatility. However, it was not just her music that made Simone a significant figure. She was also a steadfast civil rights activist, using her platform to address racial inequality. Her politically charged songs like "Mississippi Goddam" and "To Be Young, Gifted and Black" became anthems for the Civil Rights Movement. Despite facing numerous personal challenges, including mental health issues and financial struggles, Simone's legacy remains intact. Her indomitable spirit and iconic music have continued to inspire generations of artists across the globe. She was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame posthumously in 2018, a testament to her enduring impact on the music industry. Nina Simone passed away on April 21, 2003, but her life and career continue to reverberate as a symbol of resistance, determination, and unparalleled musical genius.
- The first ever male African-American to win a Grammy Award, jazz pianist and bandleader Count Basie helped to define the swing era with his distinctive blend of minimal sparse solos and jumping beats. Mentored by the likes of Fats Waller and Willie 'The Lion' Smith, Basie began his career performing in various groups around the major jazz cities before forming the orchestra that he would go on to lead for over half a century. Responsible for launching the careers of such seminal musicians as Lester Young, Buck Clayton and Freddie Green, Basie also helped to showcase the talents of legendary vocalists Billie Holiday, Jimmy Rushing and Joe Williams, and unlike many of his peers, managed to remain a key musical figure long after the big band sound's decline in popularity.
- Aretha Franklin, popularly known as the Queen of Soul, was a trailblazer in the world of music. Born on March 25, 1942, in Memphis, Tennessee, she was raised in Detroit, Michigan where her father served as a pastor and she began her singing career. Her early life was deeply rooted in gospel music, which was nurtured at her father's church. Despite not having formal training, Franklin's remarkable vocal range, spanning multiple octaves, and her ability to convey deep emotion through her voice set her apart. Franklin's professional career took off in the 1960s with Atlantic Records, where she redefined the genre of soul music with hits like Respect, Chain of Fools, and Think. Throughout her illustrious career, she released over 40 studio albums and numerous hit singles, achieving commercial success and critical acclaim. Her powerful voice and emotional delivery resonated with audiences around the globe, making her one of the best-selling musical artists of all time. Moreover, her music became an anthem for civil rights and women's rights movements, reflecting her strong commitment to equality and freedom. In 1987, Franklin made history by becoming the first woman inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, cementing her place in music history. Her legacy is marked by numerous awards and accolades, including 18 Grammy Awards, a Presidential Medal of Freedom, and honorary degrees from prestigious institutions such as Harvard University. Franklin passed away on August 16, 2018, but her influence continues to reverberate in the music industry and beyond.
- Tracy Chapman, born on March 30, 1964, in Cleveland, Ohio, is an iconic American singer-songwriter renowned for her distinctive voice and poignant lyrics. Tracy's love for music was ignited in her childhood when she received a ukulele at the age of three. The passion escalated when she received her first guitar at eight, leading her down the path of music. She attended Tufts University, where she studied Anthropology and African studies, but it was her performances in coffee houses that truly resonated with her passion. Chapman's breakthrough came in 1988 when she released her self-titled debut album, featuring the hit single "Fast Car." This song skyrocketed to number 6 on the Billboard Hot 100, propelling her into the international limelight. The album won three Grammy Awards including Best New Artist. Her early success was followed by more critically acclaimed albums such as Crossroads, New Beginning, and Telling Stories. One of her most memorable performances was at Nelson Mandela's 70th birthday tribute concert in London, in 1988, which helped solidify her place as a prominent figure in the fight for social justice through music. Throughout her career, Tracy Chapman has used her platform to address societal issues, turning her songs into anthems for change. Her lyrics often uncover tales of racial and social injustices, which resonate with a wide audience. Despite her fame, Chapman is known for her reclusive nature, rarely giving interviews or making public appearances. Nevertheless, her legacy in the music industry is indisputable. With millions of albums sold worldwide, numerous awards under her belt, and a reputation as a powerful voice for change, Tracy Chapman has left an indelible mark on the world of music and beyond.
- 101The Animals are an English rhythm and blues and rock band, formed in Newcastle upon Tyne in the early 1960s. The band moved to London upon finding fame in 1964. The Animals were known for their gritty, bluesy sound and deep-voiced frontman Eric Burdon, as exemplified by their signature song and transatlantic No. 1 hit single, "House of the Rising Sun", as well as by hits such as "We Gotta Get Out of This Place", "It's My Life", "I'm Crying" and "Don't Let Me Be Misunderstood". The band balanced tough, rock-edged pop singles against rhythm and blues-orientated album material and were part of the British Invasion of the US. The Animals underwent numerous personnel changes in the mid-1960s and suffered from poor business management. Under the name Eric Burdon and the Animals, the much-changed act moved to California and achieved commercial success as a psychedelic and hard rock band with hits like "San Franciscan Nights", "When I Was Young" and "Sky Pilot", before disbanding at the end of the decade. Altogether, the group had ten Top Twenty hits in both the UK Singles Chart and the US Billboard Hot 100. The original lineup of Burdon, Alan Price, Chas Chandler, Hilton Valentine and John Steel reunited for a one off benefit concert in Newcastle in 1968. They later had brief comebacks in 1975 and 1983. There have been several partial regroupings of the original era members since then under various names. The Animals were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1994.
- 102Born as Steven Demetre Georgiou in July 1948, Cat Stevens is an internationally celebrated singer-songwriter and multi-instrumentalist. His journey into the world of music began during his teenage years in England when he started showcasing his talent at local cafes. This led to him being discovered in 1966, and subsequently signing a deal with Decca Records. Under this label, Stevens released his first album Matthew and Son, which charted within the top ten in the UK. Stevens's early success was followed by a series of health and personal challenges that temporarily halted his musical career, but also significantly shaped his artistic direction. After battling tuberculosis in 1969, he returned to the music scene with a fresh perspective and a more introspective sound. His comeback albums Tea for the Tillerman and Teaser and the Firecat are widely considered his best works, featuring timeless hits like "Wild World", "Father and Son", and "Morning has Broken". These albums established Stevens as a leading figure in the folk-rock genre. In 1977, following a near-death experience, Stevens converted to Islam, adopted the name Yusuf Islam, and took a prolonged hiatus from his musical career to focus on philanthropy and education. He returned to recording and performing in 2006, blending his folk-rock roots with Islamic themes and sounds. With a career spanning over five decades, Cat Stevens, now known as Yusuf, has influenced countless artists.
- Richard Steven Valenzuela (May 13, 1941 – February 3, 1959), known professionally as Ritchie Valens, was an American singer, songwriter, and guitarist. A rock and roll pioneer and a forefather of the Chicano rock movement, Valens' recording career lasted eight months and abruptly ended when he died in a plane crash.During this time, he had several hits, most notably "La Bamba", which he had adapted from a Mexican folk song. Valens transformed the song into one with a rock rhythm and beat, and it became a hit in 1958, making Valens a pioneer of the Spanish-speaking rock and roll movement. He also had the American number 2 hit ''Donna''. On February 3, 1959, on what has become known as "The Day the Music Died", Valens died in a plane crash in Iowa, an accident that also claimed the lives of fellow musicians Buddy Holly and J. P. "The Big Bopper" Richardson, as well as pilot Roger Peterson. Valens was posthumously inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2001.
- Henry Nicola Mancini (born April 16, 1924 – June 14, 1994) was an American composer, conductor, arranger, pianist and flutist who is best remembered for his many film and television scores. Often cited as one of the greatest composers in the history of film, he won four Academy Awards, a Golden Globe, and twenty Grammy Awards, plus a posthumous Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award in 1995. His best known works include the theme and soundtrack for the Peter Gunn television series as well as the music for The Pink Panther film series ("The Pink Panther Theme") and "Moon River" from Breakfast at Tiffany's. The Music from Peter Gunn won the first Grammy Award for Album of the Year. Mancini also enjoyed a long collaboration composing film scores for the film director Blake Edwards. Mancini is also noted for scoring a #1 hit single during the rock era on the Billboard charts. His arrangement and recording of the "Love Theme from Romeo and Juliet" spent two weeks at the top, beginning on June 29, 1969.
- 105Van Halen were an American rock band formed in Pasadena, California, in 1972. Credited with "restoring hard rock to the forefront of the music scene", Van Halen were known for its energetic live shows and for the virtuosity of their lead guitarist, Eddie Van Halen. The band was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2007. From 1974 until 1985, Van Halen consisted of Eddie Van Halen; Eddie's brother, drummer Alex Van Halen; vocalist David Lee Roth; and bassist/vocalist Michael Anthony. Upon its release in 1978, the band's self-titled debut album reached No. 19 on the Billboard pop music charts and would sell over 10 million copies in the U.S. By 1982, the band released four more albums (Van Halen II, Women and Children First, Fair Warning, and Diver Down), all of which have since been certified multi-platinum. By the early 1980s, Van Halen was one of the most successful rock acts of the day. The album 1984 was a commercial success with U.S. sales of 10 million copies.
- 106The Electric Light Orchestra (ELO) is a globally acclaimed rock band that originated in Birmingham, England, in 1970. Composed of music luminaries such as Roy Wood, Bev Bevan, and Jeff Lynne, the group came together with a unique vision: to create modern rock and pop songs incorporating classical overtones. The combination of disparate musical genres was innovative for its time and marked ELO as a trailblazer in the music industry. The band released their self-titled debut album in 1971, and by their third album On the Third Day in 1973, they had truly started to make their mark. Their reputation for fusing various music styles was solidified in the albums to follow. With chart-topping hits like "Evil Woman," "LivinThing," and "Mr. Blue Sky," ELO quickly gained a massive following. They proved their prowess not only in the recording studio but also on stage, becoming known for their extravagant live performances featuring futuristic spaceship set designs and stunning light displays. Throughout the years, ELO underwent numerous lineup changes, with Jeff Lynne remaining as the constant driving force. Despite these changes, the band's sound and style remained consistent, and their popularity never waned. ELO's impact on the music scene was recognized in 2017 when they were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Their influence can still be heard today in the work of many contemporary artists. The Electric Light Orchestra's legacy continues to inspire, entertain, and resonate with fans around the world.
- John Birks "Dizzy" Gillespie (; October 21, 1917 – January 6, 1993) was an American jazz trumpeter, bandleader, composer, and singer.Gillespie was a trumpet virtuoso and improviser, building on the virtuoso style of Roy Eldridge but adding layers of harmonic and rhythmic complexity previously unheard in jazz. His combination of musicianship, showmanship, and wit made him a leading popularizer of the new music called bebop. His beret and horn-rimmed spectacles, his scat singing, his bent horn, pouched cheeks, and his light-hearted personality provided some of bebop's most prominent symbols.In the 1940s Gillespie, with Charlie Parker, became a major figure in the development of bebop and modern jazz.He taught and influenced many other musicians, including trumpeters Miles Davis, Jon Faddis, Fats Navarro, Clifford Brown, Arturo Sandoval, Lee Morgan, Chuck Mangione, and balladeer Johnny Hartman.Scott Yanow wrote, "Dizzy Gillespie's contributions to jazz were huge. One of the greatest jazz trumpeters of all time, Gillespie was such a complex player that his contemporaries ended up being similar to those of Miles Davis and Fats Navarro instead, and it was not until Jon Faddis's emergence in the 1970s that Dizzy's style was successfully recreated [....] Arguably Gillespie is remembered, by both critics and fans alike, as one of the greatest jazz trumpeters of all time".
- 108Sonny is a common nickname and occasional given name.
- 109Pearl Jam are an American rock band formed in Seattle, Washington, in 1990. The band's lineup consists of founding members Jeff Ament (bass guitar), Stone Gossard (rhythm guitar), Mike McCready (lead guitar), and Eddie Vedder (lead vocals, guitar), as well as Matt Cameron (drums), who joined in 1998. Keyboardist Boom Gaspar has also been a touring/session member with the band since 2002. Drummers Jack Irons, Dave Krusen, Matt Chamberlain, and Dave Abbruzzese are former members of the band. Pearl Jam outsold many of their contemporaries from the early 1990s, and are considered one of the most influential bands of the decade, being dubbed as "the most popular American rock & roll band of the '90s". Pearl Jam sold more than 85 million albums worldwide by 2018, including nearly 32 million albums in the United States by 2012, making them one of the best-selling bands of all time. Pearl Jam were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2017 in their first year of eligibility.
- Giuseppe Fortunino Francesco Verdi (Italian: [dʒuˈzɛppe ˈverdi]; 9 or 10 October 1813 – 27 January 1901) was an Italian opera composer. He was born near Busseto to a provincial family of moderate means, and developed a musical education with the help of a local patron. Verdi came to dominate the Italian opera scene after the era of Vincenzo Bellini, Gaetano Donizetti, and Gioachino Rossini, whose works significantly influenced him. By his 30s, he had become one of the pre-eminent opera composers in history. In his early operas, Verdi demonstrated a sympathy with the Risorgimento movement which sought the unification of Italy. He also participated briefly as an elected politician. The chorus "Va, pensiero" from his early opera Nabucco (1842), and similar choruses in later operas, were much in the spirit of the unification movement, and the composer himself became esteemed as a representative of these ideals. An intensely private person, Verdi, however, did not seek to ingratiate himself with popular movements and as he became professionally successful was able to reduce his operatic workload and sought to establish himself as a landowner in his native region. He surprised the musical world by returning, after his success with the opera Aida (1871), with three late masterpieces: his Requiem (1874), and the operas Otello (1887) and Falstaff (1893). His operas remain extremely popular, especially the three peaks of his 'middle period': Rigoletto, Il trovatore and La traviata, and the 2013 bicentenary of his birth was widely celebrated in broadcasts and performances.
- Tears for Fears, a prolific and influential British synth-pop duo, were at the forefront of new wave music in the 1980s. Comprised of Roland Orzabal and Curt Smith, Tears for Fears formed in Bath, England in 1981. As teenagers, they were influenced by the likes of David Bowie and Talking Heads, which greatly informed their experimental musical style. The duo quickly rose to prominence with their debut album, The Hurting, which topped the UK charts in 1983. This landmark album gave birth to hit singles such as "Mad World," "Change," and "Pale Shelter," which became anthems for the post-punk generation. While many know them for their haunting melodies and introspective lyrics, Tears for Fears' path to success was marked by bold artistic choices and a willingness to evolve. They garnered international acclaim with their second album, Songs from the Big Chair (1985), which included mega-hits like "Shout" and "Everybody Wants to Rule the World." These songs, celebrated for their catchy hooks and thought-provoking lyrics, dominated the Billboard charts in the United States and cemented Tears for Fears as global superstars. In spite of their meteoric rise to fame, internal tensions led to Tears for Fears' initial disbandment in 1991. However, the enduring impact of their music remained apparent. Their songs continued to resonate with audiences worldwide and have been widely covered by numerous artists. After a decade-long hiatus, Orzabal and Smith reconciled in 2000 and revived Tears for Fears, releasing a new album, Everybody Loves a Happy Ending, in 2004. Despite the evolutions in their sound and lineup, Tears for Fears' influence on the music industry remains undeniable, their legacy standing as a testament to their unique fusion of introspective lyricism and synth-pop sensibilities.
- Johann Strauss I (German: Johann Baptist Strauß, Johann Strauss (Vater); also Johann Baptist Strauss, Johann Strauss Sr., the Elder, the Father; March 14, 1804 – September 25, 1849) was an Austrian Romantic composer. He was famous for his waltzes, and he popularized them alongside Joseph Lanner, thereby setting the foundations for his sons to carry on his musical dynasty. He is perhaps best known for his composition of the Radetzky March (named after Joseph Radetzky von Radetz).
- 113The Monkees are an American rock and pop band originally active between 1966 and 1971, with reunion albums and tours in the decades that followed. Their original line-up consisted of the American actor/musicians Micky Dolenz, Michael Nesmith, and Peter Tork with English actor/singer Davy Jones. The group was conceived in 1965 by television producers Bob Rafelson and Bert Schneider specifically for the situation comedy series The Monkees, which aired from 1966 to 1968. The band's music was initially supervised by record producer Don Kirshner, backed by the songwriting duo of Tommy Boyce and Bobby Hart. The four actor/musicians were initially allowed only limited roles in the recording studio for the first few months of their five-year career as "the Monkees". This was due in part to the amount of time required to film the television series. Nonetheless, Nesmith composed and produced some songs from the beginning, and Tork contributed limited guitar work on the sessions produced by Nesmith. All four contributed lead vocals to various tracks. They eventually fought for the right to collectively supervise all musical output under the band's name, acting as musicians, singers, songwriters, and producers. Following the television show's cancellation in 1968, the Monkees continued to record music until 1971, after which the group broke up. A revival of interest in the television show came in 1986, which led to a series of reunion tours and new records. The group has reunited and toured several times since then with different line-ups and varying degrees of success. Jones died in February 2012 and Tork died in February 2019. Dolenz and Nesmith remain active members of the group. Dolenz described The Monkees as initially being "a TV show about an imaginary band... that wanted to be the Beatles that was never successful". Ironically, the success of the show led to the actor-musicians becoming one of the most successful bands of the 1960s. The Monkees have sold more than 75 million records worldwide making them one of the biggest selling groups of all time with international hits, including "Last Train to Clarksville", "Pleasant Valley Sunday", "Daydream Believer", and "I'm a Believer". Newspapers and magazines reported that the Monkees outsold the Beatles and the Rolling Stones combined in 1967, but Nesmith admitted in his autobiography Infinite Tuesday that it was a lie that he told a reporter.
- 114
The Righteous Brothers
The Righteous Brothers were the musical duo of Bobby Hatfield and Bill Medley. They recorded from 1963 through 1975 and continued to perform until Hatfield's death in 2003. Their emotive vocal stylings were sometimes dubbed "blue-eyed soul". Hatfield and Medley both possessed exceptional vocal talent, with range, control and tone that helped them create a strong and distinctive duet sound and also to perform as soloists. Medley sang the low parts with his deep, soulful baritone, with Hatfield taking the higher register vocals with his soaring countertenor. They adopted their name in 1962 while performing together in the Los Angeles area as part of a five-member group called The Paramours, which featured John Wimber on keyboards and artist and sculptor Nick Turturro on saxophone. At the end of one particular performance, a U.S. Marine in the audience shouted, "That was righteous, brothers!", prompting the pair to adopt the name as they embarked on their duo career. - Andrea Bocelli, an Italian tenor, multi-instrumentalist, and music producer, has been a prominent figure in the world of classical and pop music since the 1980s. Born on September 22, 1958, in Lajatico, Italy, Bocelli displayed an early interest in music, learning to play the piano, flute, and saxophone as a child. Despite being diagnosed with congenital glaucoma and subsequently losing his sight completely after a football accident at age 12, Bocelli's passion for music remained undeterred. This led him to study law at the University of Pisa while performing in piano bars and nightclubs to finance his education. Bocelli's breakthrough arrived in 1992 when he was invited by Italian rock star Zucchero Fornaciari to audition for the demo tapes of Miserere. His performance impressed tenor Luciano Pavarotti, which paved the way for Bocelli's debut album, Il Mare Calmo Della Sera, in 1994. This album quickly ascended the Italian charts, marking the beginning of Bocelli's rapid rise to international fame. Over the years, he has released numerous successful albums spanning both pop and classical genres, including Sogno and Sacred Arias, which have sold millions of copies worldwide. Known for his distinctive voice and emotive performances, Bocelli has received numerous accolades throughout his career. He has won the Golden Globe for Best Original Song, has been nominated for both Grammy and Academy Awards, and was honored with a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. Beyond his musical achievements, Bocelli has also made significant humanitarian contributions through the Andrea Bocelli Foundation, which supports various causes including poverty alleviation and disability rights. His enduring influence on the global music scene and commitment to philanthropy solidify Bocelli's status as a musical icon and humanitarian.
- 116Bryan Adams, globally renowned as one of the greatest rock musicians of his generation, was born on November 5, 1959, in Kingston, Ontario, Canada. Born into a military family, Adams cultivated an early interest in music that led him to drop out of high school at the age of 15 and join a band as a lead vocalist. His journey in the music industry began with his self-titled debut album in 1980, which didn't garner much attention. However, his second album, You Want It You Got It, released in 1981, marked the beginning of his success story. Notoriety came knocking on Adams's door with his third album, Cuts Like a Knife in 1983. The album became a huge hit, charting three singles in the top 10. With his distinct raspy vocals and passionate performances, he quickly established himself as a bona fide rock icon. In 1984, he released Reckless, which skyrocketed his popularity worldwide. This album included some of his biggest hits such as "Summer of '69" and "Run To You." Beyond his musical prowess, Bryan Adams is also known for his philanthropic endeavors. He founded the Bryan Adams Foundation in 2006, with a mission to improve the quality of people's lives around the world. The foundation focuses on education and learning opportunities for children and young people internationally. Adams has also been active in animal rights advocacy. Despite his fame and success, Adams remains a humble and dedicated artist, continually striving to create music that resonates with his fans across the globe.
- 117Jim Croce was born in South Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, on January 10, 1943. With an Italian American heritage, his upbringing was steeped in the passion of music, specifically the melodies and stories of the American working class. Croce's exploration into music began at a young age, learning to play the accordion at just five years old. But it wasn't until he was gifted a guitar in adolescence that his true musical journey began. During his college years at Villanova University, he formed multiple bands, further developing his signature sound and honing his songwriting skills. Croce's music career took off when he released his first album with his wife, Ingrid, titled Jim & Ingrid Croce, in 1969. The album didn't gain much traction, but it laid the foundation for what would become an iconic music career. His subsequent albums, You Don't Mess Around with Jim (1972), and Life and Times (1973), significantly charted on the Billboard Hot 100. These albums included some of his best-known songs like "Time in a Bottle," "Bad, Bad Leroy Brown," and "Operator (That's Not the Way It Feels)." His poignant lyrics and soft rock style resonated with audiences across the globe, establishing him as a prominent figure in the American music scene. However, Croce's skyrocketing career was tragically cut short. On September 20, 1973, he died in a plane crash in Natchitoches, Louisiana. Despite his untimely death, his impact on the music world continues to be felt even today. His posthumous album, I Got a Name, was released later that year, featuring the eponymous single which became another Top 10 hit. His music and legacy continue to be celebrated, with his songs covered by numerous artists and featured in films and television shows. Jim Croce's story is a testament to the enduring power of music, painting a vivid picture of an artist whose time was cut short, but whose melody continues to echo.
- Andrew Lloyd Webber, born on March 22, 1948, in Kensington, London, stands as one of the most influential figures in the world of musical theatre. Coming from a musical family, with his father being a composer and his mother a violinist and pianist, Webber's destiny seemed written in the stars. He began composing music at a young age, showcasing an innate talent that would soon garner global recognition. Remarkably, he composed his first suite at age nine, which was followed by a series of other compositions during his early years. Webber's rise to prominence catapulted with the success of Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat, a musical written in collaboration with lyricist Tim Rice. This partnership proved fruitful, yielding iconic productions like Jesus Christ Superstar and Evita. However, Webber's magnum opus, The Phantom of the Opera, released in 1986, further cemented his reputation as a leading maestro of musical theater. Over the course of his career, Webber's contributions to the arts have been acknowledged with numerous awards including, but not limited to, the prestigious Laurence Olivier Award and Tony Award. More than just a series of accolades, these recognitions bear testament to Webber's enduring influence on the stage. His innovative approach to storytelling through music has shaped the landscape of modern musical theater, making him a pivotal figure in the industry. The legacy of Andrew Lloyd Webber is marked by a repertoire of timeless masterpieces that continue to captivate audiences worldwide.
- 119As a musician, Cole Porter's entertaining and creative music was in a variety of Hollywood productions. The early stages of his career in entertainment ran the industry gamut with credits like "The Battle of Paris" (1929) to his name. Porter was nominated for a Music (Song) Academy Award for "Something to Shout About" in 1943 as well as for a Music (Song) Academy Award for "High Society" in 1956. Porter was married to Linda Lee Thomas. Cole Porter died in October of 1964 at the age of 73.
- 120Cream were a 1960s British rock supergroup power trio consisting of bassist/singer Jack Bruce, drummer Ginger Baker, and guitarist/singer Eric Clapton. Their unique sound was characterised by a hybrid of blues rock, hard rock, combining Clapton's blues guitar playing, Bruce's powerful, versatile vocals and prominent bass playing, Baker's pulsating, jazz-influenced drumming and Pete Brown's poetry-inspired lyrics. The group's third album, Wheels of Fire, was the world's first platinum-selling double album.
